Polymer Optical Waveguide having Unique Refractive Index Profiles for Ultra High-Density Interconnection

Mori, Tetsuya; Moriya, Kimio; Kitazoe, Katsuma; Takayama, Shotaro; Terada, Shinsuke; Fujiwara, M.; Takahama, Keizo; Choki, Koji; Ishigure, Takaaki

doi:10.1364/ofc.2012.otu1i.6

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The photo-address method utilizes a property of polynorbornene resins: their refractive index is varied by the UV exposing patterns via photo masks. Recently, Sumitomo Bakelite modified the photo-address method, by which GI-core waveguides are successfully fabricated [11]. In this case, the core shape is not circular but square.…”

Section: Photo-address Methods For Fabricating Gi-core Polymer Crossedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graded-index core polymer optical waveguide for high-bandwidth-density optical printed circuit boards: fabrication and characterization

Ishigure

2014

SPIE Proceedings

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We demonstrate that graded-index (GI) core polymer optical waveguides are a promising component realizing highbandwidth-density on-board interconnects. As a method for fabricating GI-circular-core polymer optical waveguides, we introduce the Mosquito method utilizing a microdispenser. The Mosquito method is capable of accurately controlling the core diameter and the inter-core pitch. We also demonstrate that the GI-core polymer waveguides enable remarkably low loss waveguide circuits involving waveguide crossings in a mono layer. We show an alternative technique to realize the low-loss GI-core crossed waveguide: the photo-addressing method which was developed by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.

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Section: Photo-address Methods For Fabricating Gi-core Polymer Crossedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graded-index core polymer optical waveguide for high-bandwidth-density optical printed circuit boards: fabrication and characterization

Ishigure

2014

SPIE Proceedings

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“…Meanwhile, when we apply the fabrication techniques for experimentally obtaining "GIcore" polymer waveguides, such as the soft-lithography method [17] or the photo-addressing method [18] to the crossed waveguides, the diffusion of the core material into the cladding (and vice versa) plays a key role. A concentration distribution formed after the diffusion of core and cladding materials finally corresponds to a GI profile.…”

Section: Calculation Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Index-profile design for low-loss crossed multimode waveguide for optical printed circuit board

Ishigure¹,

Shitanda²,

Oizmi³

2015

Opt. Express

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We present an index profile design for remarkably low loss multimode optical crossed waveguide. In this paper, we theoretically calculate the light propagation loss in crossed waveguides with step-index (SI) and graded-index (GI) square cores utilizing a ray tracing simulation. In this simulation, we focus on the index exponent values for the GI profile, which allows low crossing loss even if the number of crossing is as large as 50 or even if the crossing angle is as low as 20°. It is revealed that an index exponent of 2.0 for the GI core strongly contributes to exhibit 35 times lower loss (0.072 dB after 50-perpendicular crosses) compared to the loss of the SI-core counterpart (2.58 dB after the same crossings). The GI cores with a smaller index exponent exhibit better loss in crossed waveguides with a wide range of crossing angles from 30° to 90°. Furthermore, we discuss the effect of the refractive index profile at the intersection on the optical loss of crossed waveguides.

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“…Polymer waveguides can be more densely aligned than optical fibers because the pitch of a polymer waveguide array can be narrowed to 62.5 μm with low crosstalk [1]. On the other hand, the published minimum pitch of an optical fiber is 125 μm, which is limited by the clad diameter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

24-ch microlens-integrated no-polish connector for optical interconnection with polymer waveguides

et al. 2013

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We successfully developed a new 24-ch optical connector for polymer waveguides. The connector consists of a transparent thermoplastic resin that has two rectangular slits on one side for alignment of the waveguide films and integrated microlens arrays on the other side for coupling to the MT connector. Two 12-ch waveguide films were cut to a 3-mm width. The thickness of each waveguide film was controlled at 100 µm. The waveguide films were inserted into the slits until they touched the bottom face of the slit. Ultraviolet curing adhesive was used to achieve a short hardening process. The expanded beam in the transparent material is focused by the microlens arrays formed on the connector surface. This lens structure enables assembly without the need for a polishing process. We designed the lens for coupling between a step-index 40-μm rectangular waveguide and a graded-index 50-μm fiber. We achieved low-loss optical coupling by designing a method of providing asymmetric magnification between the horizontal and vertical directions in order to compensate for the asymmetric numerical aperture of the waveguide. The typical measured coupling losses from/to the waveguide to/from the fiber were 1.2 dB and 0.6 dB, respectively. The total coupling loss was as small as that of a physical contact connection.

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Polymer Optical Waveguide having Unique Refractive Index Profiles for Ultra High-Density Interconnection

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Graded-index core polymer optical waveguide for high-bandwidth-density optical printed circuit boards: fabrication and characterization

Graded-index core polymer optical waveguide for high-bandwidth-density optical printed circuit boards: fabrication and characterization

Index-profile design for low-loss crossed multimode waveguide for optical printed circuit board

24-ch microlens-integrated no-polish connector for optical interconnection with polymer waveguides

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