Polymeric Ladderphanes

Chou, Cheng‐Yang; Lee, Shern‐Long; Chen, Chih-Hsien; Biju, Akkattu Thankappan; Wang, Hsian-Wen; Wu, Yaoming; Zhang, Guofu; Yang, Kuang-Wei; Lim, Tsong–Shin; Huang, Min‐Jie; Tsai, Po‐Yu; Lin, Kin-Chuan; Huang, Shou‐Ling; Chen, Chun‐Hsien; Luh, Tien‐Yau

doi:10.1021/ja9035362

Cited by 83 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…and DNA complex [54,55] can be characterized through electrophoretic translocation in a nanopore. It was demonstrated that the capture rate in the translocation processes can be enhanced or manipulated by diffusiophoresis [56,57].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusiophoresis of a polyelectrolyte in a salt concentration gradient

Liu

Hsu

et al. 2012

Electrophoresis

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The diffusiophoresis of a polyelectrolyte subject to an applied salt concentration gradient is modeled theoretically. The entirely porous type of particle is capable of simulating entities such as DNA, protein, and synthetic polymeric particles. The dependence of the diffusiophoretic behavior of the polyelectrolyte on its physical properties, and the types of ionic species and their bulk concentrations are discussed in detail. We show that in addition to the effects coming from the polarization of double layer and the difference in the ionic diffusivities, the polarization of the condensed counterions inside the polyelectrolyte might also be significant. The last effect, which has not been reported previously, reduces both the electric force and the hydrodynamic force acting on the polyelectrolyte. Both the direction and the magnitude of the diffusiophoretic velocity of the polyelectrolyte are found to highly depend upon its physical properties. These results provide valuable references for applications such as DNA sequencing and catalytic nano- or micromotors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusiophoresis of a polyelectrolyte in a salt concentration gradient

Liu

Hsu

et al. 2012

Electrophoresis

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“…Poly(dibenzofulvene)s, 4-11 7,7-diarylnorbornane-containing conjugated polymers, 12,13 cyclophanecontaining polymers and face-to-face ferrocene polymers [36][37][38] have been synthesized, and their optical and electrochemical properties have been studied in detail. Polymers with layered aromatic rings and p-electron systems have also been investigated; [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] for example, Chen et al 53 recently reported the synthesis and formation of a twodimensional assembly of polymeric ladder phanes containing face-toface p-electron systems. These polymers have potential applications in optoelectronic devices and single-molecular devices such as singlemolecular wires.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Naphthalene-based oligothiophene-stacked polymers

Morisaki

Fernandes

Chujo

2010

Polym J

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We report the synthesis and properties of p-stacked polymers consisting of oligothiophene and naphthalene as the stacked p-system and the scaffold, respectively. The titled polymers were obtained by the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction. Oligothiophene units were layered in proximity, B3.0 Å from each other. Contribution of the quinoidal structure of the oligothiophene units involving the naphthalene scaffolds in the excited state resulted in relatively high photoluminescence quantum efficiencies. The polymers have potential application to optoelectronic devices such as hole-transporting materials. Polymer Journal (2010) 42, 928-934; doi:10.1038/pj.2010.101; published online 27 October 2010Keywords: conjugated polymers; p-stacked polymers; oligothiophene; redox polymers; synthesis INTRODUCTIONCommon conjugated polymers generally consist of sp-and/or sp 2 -carbon frameworks, and p-electrons are delocalized throughout the polymer backbone. Such conjugated polymers have attracted considerable attention because of their good processability and their readily tunable electronic and optical properties. [1][2][3] Recently, a new type of conjugated polymer that exhibits through-space interactions of pelectron systems has been developed. Poly(dibenzofulvene)s, 4-11 7,7-diarylnorbornane-containing conjugated polymers, 12,13 cyclophanecontaining polymers and face-to-face ferrocene polymers [36][37][38] have been synthesized, and their optical and electrochemical properties have been studied in detail. Polymers with layered aromatic rings and p-electron systems have also been investigated; 39-53 for example, Chen et al. 53 recently reported the synthesis and formation of a twodimensional assembly of polymeric ladder phanes containing face-toface p-electron systems. These polymers have potential applications in optoelectronic devices and single-molecular devices such as singlemolecular wires.Cofacially aligned p-electron systems have an important role in biochemistry and material chemistry; DNA has face-to-face base pairs stacked in the double-stranded main chains, 54 and the performance of organic optoelectronic devices strongly depends on the arrangement of the p-electron systems. 55 We have recently reported the synthesis of aromatic-ring-layered polymers using xanthene compounds as scaffolds. [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] [2.2] Paracyclophane-layered polymers, which mimic multilayered cyclophanes, 56-59 exhibited fluorescence resonance energy transfer from the layered paracyclophanes to the end-capping groups. The use of xanthene as a scaffold enabled us to introduce various aromatic compounds, such as phenylenes, 44 carbazoles, 45 thiophenes 46 and anthracene, 47 into the polymers, with the distance between the layered aromatic units being B4.5 Å . Our next target is to construct layered and p-stacked aromatic systems in proximity, less than the sum of the van der Waals radius (3.40 Å ) of an sp 2 -carbon, in the polymer backbone.

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“…Making the pore smaller to favor the entry of a DNA end relative to folded or tagged DNA minimizes the folding issue but can reduce the rate of DNA capture into the pore and adversely affect throughput. The process of DNA capture into a pore as a function of DNA length, salt concentration and gradient, voltage, pore size, and other factors has been examined in depth from both experimental and theoretical perspectives [32,[49][50][51][52][53]. Varying the salt and voltage conditions alters the rate of DNA capture and its dependence on length and other factors.…”

Section: Dna Capturementioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping and sequencing DNA using nanopores and nanodetectors

Thompson

Oliver

2012

Electrophoresis

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Even prior to the introduction of capillary DNA sequencers, nanopores were discussed as a low-cost, high-throughput substrate for sequencing. Since then, other next-generation sequencing technologies have been developed and achieved widespread use, but nanopores have lagged behind due to difficulties in generating usable sequence data. The practical and theoretical issues of translocation speed and signal detection encountered when attempting to sequence DNA with nanopores are discussed. Various methods that different laboratories have used to overcome difficulties in biologically based and solid-state nanopores are also presented. Different approaches designed to circumvent the overriding issue of detecting signals from individual bases in a time-resolved manner in nanopores are described. For example, genomic positional sequencing utilizes hybridization of short oligonucleotide probes to very long DNA templates and then detects these probes by variations in current blockade in solid-state nanodetectors. The positions of the probes relative to each other and relative to the ends of the DNA are determined by measuring the time between current blockade peaks. By assembling many such measurements, it is possible to overcome the problems encountered when attempting to sequence DNA at high speed in nanopores, providing the potential for true de novo sequencing of large genomes on a routine basis.

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Polymeric Ladderphanes

Cited by 83 publications

References 81 publications

Diffusiophoresis of a polyelectrolyte in a salt concentration gradient

Diffusiophoresis of a polyelectrolyte in a salt concentration gradient

Naphthalene-based oligothiophene-stacked polymers

Mapping and sequencing DNA using nanopores and nanodetectors

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