Polymeric Micelles as Drug Delivery System: Recent Advances, Approaches, Applications and Patents

Abstract

Administering therapeutics through the oral route is a pervasive and widely approved medication administration approach. However, it has been found that many drugs show low systemic absorption when delivered through this route. Such limitations of oral drug delivery can be overcome by polymeric micelles acting as vehicles. As a result, they improve drug absorption by protecting loaded drug substances from the gastrointestinal system's hostile conditions, allowing controlled drug release at a specific site, extending the time spent in the gut through mucoadhesion, and inhibiting the efflux pump from reducing therapeutic agent accumulation. To promote good oral absorption of a weakly water-soluble medicinal drug, the loaded medicine should be protected from the hostile atmosphere of the GI tract. Polymeric micelles can be stacked with a broad assortment of ineffectively dissolvable medications, improving bioavailability. This review discusses the major mechanism, various types, advantages, and limitations for developing the polymeric micelle system and certain micellar drug delivery system applications. The primary goal of this review is to illustrate how polymeric micelles can be used to deliver poorly water-soluble medications.

Physicochemical Characterization of Hydroxyapatite Hybrids with Meloxicam for Dissolution Rate Improvement

“…So, two different crystallographic models (Mg on Ca1 or Ca2 site, occupation values of 0.05 and 0.95 for the 5% Mg amount, respectively) were tried by allowing the occupations to vary. For the model with Mg on the Ca2 site, we can find values of 0.042 (7) and 0.958 (7), while when Mg was located on the Ca1 site, its occupation was practically near zero. So, from the obtained occupation values and from the agreement indices, it was determined that the most correct model is that with Mg ions on Ca2 sites.…”

“…The rate and completeness of the adsorption of problematic drugs can be improved by many strategies, such as particle size reduction, use of solid dispersions or salts, micelles, liposomes or organic–inorganic hybrids [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. These last systems possess many intriguing features that allow being applied as carriers for controlled and/or targeted drug release as well as to improve the long-term stability and storage of drugs by protecting them from unsafe environments [ 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Novel Therapeutic Hybrid Systems Using Hydrogels and Nanotechnology: A Focus on Nanoemulgels for the Treatment of Skin Diseases

“…These nanosystems consist of a hydrophobic core, inside which hydrophobic drugs can be encapsulated, and a hydrophilic shell, stabilizing the micelle, which is made possible by the unique structure of block copolymers. These structures can also be surface-functionalized with targeting ligands to achieve specific delivery to target cells or tissues [99][100][101]. On the other hand, also composed of polymers, polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) are nanocarriers that are fabricated using biocompatible polymers, typically poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), PEG, chitosan, or polycaprolactone (PCL), amongst others.…”

Bio-Inspired Nanomaterials for Micro/Nanodevices: A New Era in Biomedical Applications

“…With the right approaches to drug loading issues, scale-up options, and thorough research into their behavior in biological systems, polymeric micelles can successfully find their place in the market for various biomedical uses. Polymeric micelles present promising opportunities in biomedical applications [339,340]. Polymeric micelles (PMs) are nanostructures created through amphiphilic block copolymers (ABCs) self-assembled in an aqueous medium.…”