Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly of Tea Polyphenols into Open-Mouthed Nanoparticles for Active Delivery Systems and Stable Carbon Bowls

Abstract

Polyphenol-based hollow nanoparticles have exhibited intriguing properties in drug delivery, catalysis, and energy storage, and the open-mouthed (bowl-shaped) structure is supposed to improve the performance of the nanoparticles by increasing the accessibility of the inner surface and the cavity. Up to now, cationic polymers, metal ions, and sacrificial templates are generally applied in the preparation of the polyphenol-based hollow nanoparticle, and these polyphenols are usually confined to tannin acid and lignin. Seeking for the novel assembly strategy with a wide selection of polyphenolic compounds would open a new horizon for the design, preparation, and applications of polyphenol-based functional materials. In this study, polyphenol nanoparticles with bowl-shaped structure were efficiently prepared through the polymerization-induced self-assembly of tea polyphenols in a few minutes. The formation mechanism was proposed on the basis of a series of TEM images revealing the morphology evolution process. The nanoparticles with good stability in carbonization process are candidates for bowl-shaped carbon spheres. These nanoparticles exhibit potent radical scavenging capacity, anticancer activity, high adsorption capacity of guest molecules (DOX and methylene blue), and pH-dependent release property, with promising use as active delivery systems. Moreover, the present polyphenol assembly strategy provides inspiration for fundamental studies on structure–property–function relationship of polyphenol-based materials.

Phenylboronic Ester-Bridged Chitosan/Myricetin Nanomicelle for Penetrating the Endothelial Barrier and Regulating Macrophage Polarization and Inflammation against Ischemic Diseases

“…The total Myr in mCBM was measured by the Folin–Ciocalteu method . In brief, mCBM solution (0.5 mL, 1 mg/mL) was added to the freshly prepared Folin–Ciocalteu’s B reagents (10%, 2.5 mL), and the mixture was kept in the dark for 5 min at 25 °C.…”

“…The total Myr in mCBM was measured by the Folin−Ciocalteu method. 37 In brief, mCBM solution (0.5 mL, 1 mg/mL) was added to the freshly prepared Folin−Ciocalteu's B reagents (10%, 2.5 mL), and the mixture was kept in the dark for 5 min at 25 °C. Then, Na 2 CO 3 solution (7.5%, 2.0 mL) was added to the mixture and kept in the dark for 60 min at 25 °C.…”

Self-Assembled Phytochemical Nanomedicines with Enhanced Bioactivities for Effective Acute Kidney Injury Therapy

“…Tea polyphenols, a kind of well-documented dietary polyphenols, have attracted much attention due to their anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. − Inspired by their amphiphilicity, the nanocarriers derived from tea polyphenols are capable of readily interacting with a wide range of therapeutic agents including nucleic acid, proteins, and small molecules with good or poor water solubility. ,− In addition to the universal encapsulation ability of the tea polyphenol-based nanocarriers, research studies have proved that these nanocarriers exhibit intrinsic therapeutic effects including anticancer, ,,,, antioxidation, and anti-inflammation. − Our recent studies have established biosafe polyphenol-based nanoplatforms with the scale-up preparation and versatile nanodrug delivery systems of tea polyphenol nanoparticles (TP-NPs). ,, The inornate TP-NPs with intrinsic ROS scavenging and inflammation suppressing activities will be ideal drug delivery candidates in the development of nanomedicines for oxidative stress and inflammation-related diseases.…”

“…28−30 Inspired by their amphiphilicity, the nanocarriers derived from tea polyphenols are capable of readily interacting with a wide range of therapeutic agents including nucleic acid, 31 proteins, 24 and small molecules with good or poor water solubility. 23,32−38 In addition to the universal encapsulation ability of the tea polyphenol-based nanocarriers, research studies have proved that these nanocarriers exhibit intrinsic therapeutic effects including anticancer, 24,27,34,36,39 antioxidation, and anti-inflammation. 40−42 Our recent studies have established biosafe polyphenol-based nanoplatforms with the scale-up preparation and versatile nanodrug delivery systems of tea polyphenol nanoparticles (TP-NPs).…”

Polyphenolic condensation assembly enabled biocompatible, antioxidative, and light-colored tea sunscreen formulations with broadband UV protection

“…27 Previous studies reported simple approaches for preparing tea polyphenol nanoparticles for improved chemical stability and bioavailability. [28][29][30][31] Recently, a catechin-loaded nanogel with enhanced photoprotection and decreased UV-induced oxidative damage was developed. 32 It is worth mentioning that a single natural source is rarely applied to achieve broadband UV prevention because its actual narrow UV absorption range and low UV transmittance thereof achieved are far from satisfactory.…”