“Polymeromics”: Mass spectrometry based strategies in polymer science toward complete sequencing approaches: A review

Altuntaş, Esra; Schubert, Ulrich S.

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2013.10.027

Cited by 64 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Polymer structures can be readily determined nowadays using a variety of different physicochemical methods, such as infrared spectroscopy [23], mass spectrometry [24,25], capillary electrophoresis [26] and liquid chromatography [27]. Furthermore, considerable progress has been made during the last decade toward the development of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques for the analysis of natural [28] and synthetic polymers [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, evaluation and release studies of NIPA nanopolymers presumed for temperature-controlled drug delivery

Gasztych

Valh

Kokol

et al. 2016

J Sol-Gel Sci Technol

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The copolymers of N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPA) have been studied extensively as drug carriers for antibacterial, cardiovascular, cytostatic, local anesthetic, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, to deliver the required therapeutic effect. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of a series of newly synthesized thermosensitive polymeric NIPA derivatives on the release rate of naproxen sodium (NS) from hydrogels composed of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). NIPA derivatives P1-P4 were synthesized by precipitation polymerization without an emulsifier, and their structures were evaluated by NMR spectroscopy. Four formulations were prepared with NS (FP1-FP4), and rate of NS release from these systems was evaluated using a modified pharmacopeial method at 22 and 42°C. The release rate of NS followed a similar trend in all four of the formulations assessed at 22°C, which was the same as the reference formulation. However, the release rate of NS at 42°C was clearly faster in the samples containing the thermosensitive polymers P1-P4 compared with the reference formulation. These results clearly demonstrate that the use of thermosensitive polymeric derivatives of NIPA can increase the release rate of NS from hydrophilic gels based on HPMC.Graphical Abstract Diversity of release courses of naproxen sodium evaluated in formulation containing poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PDA, left), and comparison of half-release times (T HR , right) of naproxen sodium formulations containing various thermosensitive polymers P1-P4.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, evaluation and release studies of NIPA nanopolymers presumed for temperature-controlled drug delivery

Gasztych

Valh

Kokol

et al. 2016

J Sol-Gel Sci Technol

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“…Obtaining the number ( M n ) and mass‐average ( M w ) molecular masses is frequently a challenging task and this is especially true for charged polymers, as the strong intermolecular interactions may influence the results. Some of the most employed methods to obtain absolute masses are mass spectroscopy, multiangle laser light scattering, membrane osmometry, and NMR, as well as size exclusion techniques such as size exclusion chromatograph and asymmetric flow field‐flow fractionation (AF4) which, combined with multidetector and refractive index analysis, can give information on masses and polydispersity indexes (PDIs) . However, most of those methods are time consuming (especially that based on osmometry), sample consuming or may not be applied to all types of polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small‐angle X‐ray scattering as a useful supplementary technique to determine molecular masses of polyelectrolytes in solution

Plazzotta

Diget

Zhu

et al. 2016

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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Determination of molecular masses of charged polymers is often nontrivial and most methods have their drawbacks. For polyelectrolytes, a new possibility for the determination of number‐average molecular masses is represented by small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) which allows fast determinations with a 10% accuracy. This is done by relating the mass to the position of a characteristic peak feature which arises in SAXS due to the local ordering caused by charge‐repulsions between polyelectrolytes. Advantages of the technique are the simplicity of data analysis, the independency from polymer architecture, and the low sample and time consumption. The method was tested on polyelectrolytes of various structures and chemical compositions, and the results were compared with those obtained from more conventional techniques, such as asymmetric flow field‐flow fractionation, gel permeation chromatography, and classical SAXS data analysis, showing that the accuracy of the suggested method is similar to that of the other techniques. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016, 54, 1913–1917

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“…Tandem mass spectrometry has been utilized in tackling this challenge, showing success in probing microstructure, end‐group determination, backbone modifications, branching, and other macromolecular structures . The field of “polymeromics” is expanding; however, this is not as well developed as neighboring fields such as proteomics and petroleomics. Polymer science has yet to fully embrace these more complex forms of mass spectroscopic analysis, while the field of mass spectrometry has had comparatively very little technique development for polymer samples.…”

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confidence: 99%

Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Polymeric Structure Analysis: A Comparison of Two Common MALDI–ToF/ToF Techniques

Town

Jones

Hancox

et al. 2019

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Tandem mass spectrometry is a powerful technique for investigating polymer architecture. However, in‐depth studies of the technique for polymers is relatively lacking when compared to other areas of mass spectrometry (MS). This paper examines the use laser‐induced dissociation and collision‐induced dissociation (CID) in MALDI–LIFT–ToF/ToF experiments to compare the usage of the two techniques on a range of polymeric analytes. It is demonstrated that for samples with an energetically preferable fragmentation pathway, such as those with a functional group in the backbone or a labile end group, post source decay (PSD) provides a simplified spectra with an increased pathway selectivity due to its utilization of metastable decay. This makes PSD a preferable technique for polymer sequencing, especially in low‐resolution time‐of‐flight techniques. Conversely, CID fragments less selectively, leading to higher intensity peaks from less favorable fragmentations. This makes CID more preferred for exact structural determination, such as finding the repeat unit structure.

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“Polymeromics”: Mass spectrometry based strategies in polymer science toward complete sequencing approaches: A review

Cited by 64 publications

References 91 publications

Synthesis, evaluation and release studies of NIPA nanopolymers presumed for temperature-controlled drug delivery

Synthesis, evaluation and release studies of NIPA nanopolymers presumed for temperature-controlled drug delivery

Small‐angle X‐ray scattering as a useful supplementary technique to determine molecular masses of polyelectrolytes in solution

Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Polymeric Structure Analysis: A Comparison of Two Common MALDI–ToF/ToF Techniques

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