Polymethacrylates

Binder jetting is known to produce porous objects by depositing the binder selectively layer by layer on a powder bed. In this study, the pore size of printed parts and the correlating mechanical properties are investigated on a commercially available PMMA powder binder system. Pore sizes are measured via capillary flow porometry and mechanical properties via tensile tests. Porometry indicates that the pore size stays at a constant level of 22 µm at 5 to 10 wt% binder loading before decreasing to 6 µm at loadings of 30 wt% or higher. The results were compared with the mechanical testing and related to the agglomerate strength model of Rumpf. The highlights of the article are the application of a binder jetted part as a filter and the identification of a close relationship between porosity and mechanical strength, similar to phenomena in agglomeration science.

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“…More details can be found in the ASTM B962 [ 23 ]. Based on the density of the printed part and the material density of PMMA (

= 1190 kg/m 3 [ 24 ]), the porosity (ϵ) was calculated using the equation:

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Binder Loading on the Pore Size of 3D Printed PMMA

2021

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“…PMMA has different characteristics and properties, such as chemical stability, hardness, stiffness and high transparency, resistance in atmospheric conditions and greater impact resistance than glass, and thermal and acoustic insulation. Table 1 enlists the physical properties of PMMA [17,29].…”

Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PMMA is an amorphous polymer formed by the polymerization of MMA monomer carried out using different mechanisms [free radical vinyl polymerization, anionic polymerization, group transfer polymerization (GTP), or atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP)] [16][17][18][19][20]. The bulk or solution (homogeneous polymerization) and emulsion or suspension (heterogeneous polymerization) techniques are used to obtain PMMA [18,[20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Trends for the Processing of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Biomaterial for Dental Prosthodontics

Arenas‐Arrocena¹,

Argueta-Figueroa²,

RenéGarcía-Contreras³

et al. 2017

Acrylic Polymers in Healthcare

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Rehabilitation of masticatory function in patients with absent teeth with removable dentures is an established form of treating partial or complete dentition in edentulous patients. The developments in recent decades with dental implants dominate current dental research. However, medical contraindications, a negative attitude toward implants, or financial limitations on the part of the patients limit their universal applicability, so the rehabilitation with dental prostheses still makes up a significant portion of everyday clinical practice. Conversely, removable dentures are used in the critical conditions of the oral cavity. There are about 500 strains of microorganisms in the mouth, which form the biofilm in an acidic environment causing several issues, such as denture stomatitis, deterioration of the periodontal status of the remaining teeth, or carious lesions in the supporting teeth. Therefore, it is very important to choose a suitable material for the prosthesis. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is an acrylic resin usually used with a long tradition for prosthetic purposes. The aim of this chapter is to present the trends for the processing of PMMA. It includes the chemical synthesis, conventional thermal processing of this acrylic resin, the new processing technique assisted with ultrasound, the antibacterial effect on PMMA with nanoparticles, and the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenesis of this material.

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“…Kikuchi et al reported that chemical recycling of PMMA can further reduce the environmental impact when mechanical recycling has limited potential [19]. In contrast to most other polymers, it is possible to quantitatively depolymerize pure PMMA towards the original monomer [20]. Already at the start of the large-scale industrial production of PMMA, cracking of PMMA towards MMA has been investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PMMA synthesis was already developed from 1928 onwards by several research groups and brought to the market in 1933 by Germans Röhm and Haas AG, under the trademark of Plexiglas [20,34]. PMMA can be seen as an economical alternative to polycarbonate (PC) as soon as impact strength becomes less important than the optical and mechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Reaction Mechanisms and Reactor Technologies for Thermochemical Recycling of Poly(methyl methacrylate)

et al. 2020

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Chemical or feedstock recycling of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) by thermal degradation is an important societal challenge to enable polymer circularity. The annual PMMA world production capacity is over 2.4 × 106 tons, but currently only 3.0 × 104 tons are collected and recycled in Europe each year. Despite the rather simple chemical structure of MMA, a debate still exists on the possible PMMA degradation mechanisms and only basic batch and continuous reactor technologies have been developed, without significant knowledge of the decomposition chemistry or the multiphase nature of the reaction mixture. It is demonstrated in this review that it is essential to link PMMA thermochemical recycling with the PMMA synthesis as certain structural defects from the synthesis step are affecting the nature and relevance of the subsequent degradation reaction mechanisms. Here, random fission plays a key role, specifically for PMMA made by anionic polymerization. It is further highlighted that kinetic modeling tools are useful to further unravel the dominant PMMA degradation mechanisms. A novel distinction is made between global conversion or average chain length models, on the one hand, and elementary reaction step-based models on the other hand. It is put forward that only by the dedicated development of the latter models, the temporal evolution of degradation product spectra under specific chemical recycling conditions will become possible, making reactor design no longer an art but a science.

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Polymethacrylates

Abstract: The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Properties … Show more

Cited by 11 publications

References 44 publications

The Effect of Binder Loading on the Pore Size of 3D Printed PMMA

The Effect of Binder Loading on the Pore Size of 3D Printed PMMA

New Trends for the Processing of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Biomaterial for Dental Prosthodontics

Progress in Reaction Mechanisms and Reactor Technologies for Thermochemical Recycling of Poly(methyl methacrylate)

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