Polymorphisms of candidate genes associated with meat quality and disease resistance in indigenous and exotic pig breeds of Vietnam

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to analyse genotype distribution and sequence variations of candidate genes putatively associated with meat quality and disease resistance in exotic and indigenous Vietnamese pig breeds. For this purpose, 340 pigs from four indigenous and two exotic breeds were included in the analysis of the polymorphisms of the heart fatty-acid-binding protein (H-FABP), alpha 1 fucosyltransferase (FUT1), and bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) genes by the sequencing and PCR-RFLP methods. For H-FABP, 17 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected in indigenous pig breeds by direct sequencing of a fragment at intron 2 of the H-FABP gene. The mutation T1556C created a new restriction site for the enzyme MspI, which gave rise to new allelic variants in three indigenous pig breeds. In indigenous breeds, the frequency of the favourable alleles a and d at MspI and HaeIII sites of the H-FABP gene were low. Meanwhile, the frequency of the d allele at the HaeIII site in exotic breeds was significantly higher than those of indigenous pig breeds. No mutation was found in the RFLP-fragment of the FUT1 gene of four indigenous pig breeds by sequencing, while in the BPI gene two mutations were detected in the Tap Na breed. The resistant alleles of the FUT1 and BPI genes in the exotic breeds were significantly higher than those of indigenous pig breeds. Among the indigenous pig breeds, the Tap Na breed possessed a higher frequency of the resistant allele G of BPI gene than the remaining breeds. The T1556C mutation at H-FABP may be important for the genetic improvement of intramuscular fat content and breed. Tap Na may be a source of resistant alleles for local ecologies.

Mutation c.307G>A inFUT1gene has no effect on production performance of Yorkshire pigs in the tropics: the case of Vietnam

“…The low frequency of A allele was also observed in Landrace and Yorkshire pigs in People's Republic of China (Ruan et al 2013). The AA genotype was absent in Asian local pigs breeds (Yan et al 2003;Bao et al 2008Bao et al , 2011Cuong et al 2012). In their work on exotic Yorkshire pigs under industrial condition in Vietnam, Cuong et al (2012) found the three genotypes and a frequency of AA estimated at 0.13.…”

“…Additionally, among surviving pigs, the resistant AA pigs demonstrated a 30% improvement of ADG compared with susceptible ones (Mellencamp et al 2008). In contrast, Huang et al (2008) reported that there was no effect of FUT1 gene on the growth performance of males in Duroc and Landrace breeds, and Cuong et al (2012) inferred that PWD has a negative relationship with growth rate. The slower average growth of pigs with diarrhea might either be due to the direct effect of the disease on the growth (i.e., piglets don't grow well at the beginning of the fattening period because they are sick) or to the effect of the resistant genotype which would also be favorable for the growth.…”

“…The AA genotype was absent in Asian local pigs breeds (Yan et al 2003;Bao et al 2008Bao et al , 2011Cuong et al 2012). In their work on exotic Yorkshire pigs under industrial condition in Vietnam, Cuong et al (2012) found the three genotypes and a frequency of AA estimated at 0.13. The relative low frequency of the A allele, which is the favorable allele for PWD resistance, should be questioned: selection on weight gain and (or) on number of piglets might lead to reduce the frequency of the allele A in the population, possibly indicating a deleterious effect of this allele on pig growth or reproduction traits, which would of course raise questions on the use of this allele in the selection process.…”

Comparative study of Indigenous pig production in Vietnam and Sri Lanka

“…Nevertheless, in the instances when piglets get disease the farmers hardly use medicine. As described by Cuong et al (2012) the efforts of crossbreeding and directional selection of indigenous pigs for lean percentage and high-growth rate in the Vietnamese pig herd has also resulted in a decrease in some economically important traits such as adaptation to the indigenous ecologies, meat quality (pork becomes tougher and is low in taste) and disease resistance.…”

Association of NRAMP1 gene polymorphism with the productive traits of the Ukrainian Large White pig

“…Regulation (EU) 2019/6 continues and strengthens the EU's fight against antimicrobial resistance by introducing a ban on the preventive use of antibiotics in groups of animals, a ban on the prophylactic use of antimicrobials in medicated feed, and restrictions on the use of antimicrobials as a control treatment to prevent a further spread of infection. The search for new ways to protect farm animals against diseases continues to arouse interest among scientists (7).…”