This study aimed to investigate the association between human leukocyte antigen-B (HLA-B) alleles and nevirapine allergy in HIV patients in Indonesia. A case control study was conducted involving 147 HIV patients comprising of 50 patients with and 97 patients without nevirapine allergy as control. The HLA-B allele typing was conducted by using polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-SSOP), followed by sequencing. Bivariate analysis using Chi-square (X 2 ) test and multivariate logistic regression with significance level at p<0.05 were applied to analysis the data. Among 147 subjects, 34 with HLA-B alleles were identified. Bivariable analysis showed that HLA-B*58 allele was the most significant risk factor for the nevirapine allergy (OR = 3.67; 95% CI: 1.79 to 7.54), while HLA-B*35 allele was a protective factor (OR = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.42). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that young men and HLA-B*58 allele were the significant risk factors of nevirapine allergy (OR: 4.63; 95% CI: 2.02 to 10.61), while older women with the HLA-B*35 was able to reduce the risk of nevirapine allergy approximately 81% (OR: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.49). In conclusion, young male with the HLA-B*58 allele are the high risk factor for nevirapine allergy in Indonesian HIV patients.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujun untuk mengkaji hubungan antara alel human leukocyte antigen-B (HLA-B) dengan kejadian alergi karena nevirapine pada pasien HIV Indonesia. Penelitian dengan rancangan kasus kontrol melibatkan 147 pasien HIV terdiri dari 50 pasien dengan alergi niverapin dan 97 pasien tidak alergi sebagai kontrol. Tipe alel HLA-B dilakukan dengan metode polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-SSOP) dilanjutkan dengan skuensing. Analisis bivariate dengan uji Chi-square (X 2 ) dan regresi logistik multivariat dengan tingkat signifikan p <0.05 digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Diantara 147 subjek, 34 subjek teridentifikasi membawa alel HLA-B. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa HLA-B *58 merupakan factor risiko nyata terjadinya alergi nevirapin (OR = 3,67; 95% CI: 1,79 to 7,54), sedangkan alel HLA-B *35 merupakan faktor protektif (OR = 0,18; 95% CI: 0,08 to 0,42). Analisis regresi logistik multivariat menunjukkan lelaki muda dan alel HLA-B *58 faktor risiko nyata terjadinya