Polyoxometalate/laccase-mediated oxidative polymerization of catechol for textile dyeing

Abstract

The synergistic effect between polyoxometalates (POMs), namely K(5)[SiW(11)V(V)O(40)]·11H(2)O and H(5)[PMo(10)V(V) (2)O(40)]·13H(2)O and laccase from ascomycete Myceliophthora thermophila has been employed for the first time in oxidative polymerization of catechol. Such a laccase-mediator system allowed the formation of a relatively high molecular weight polycatechol as confirmed by size exclusion chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) (3990 Da when using K(5)[SiW(11)V(V)O(40)]·11H(2)O and 3600 Da with H(5)[PMo(10)V(V) (2)O(40)]·13H(2)O). The synthesized polymers were applied as dyes for the dyeing of flax fabrics. The color intensity of flax fabrics colored with polymer solutions was evaluated by diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry via k/s measurements (+10% of fixation ratio). A new synthetic process allowed a dyeing polymer, provided upon flax coloration, better color fixation and color resistance when compared to that obtained by conventional synthesis with laccase solely or with addition of organic mediator (1-hydroxybenzotriazole).

Enzyme Initiated Radical Polymerizations

“…Phenothiazenes, for example, have been used to initiate the polymerization of sterically demanding phenols, [32,33] or ABTS to facilitate pyrrole polymerization [34,35]. Also transition metals (e.g., Mn 2+/3+ ) [36] or polyoxometallates [37] have been reported. Second, the mediator radical itself can initiate chain growth thereby being incorporated into the polymer (see Section 2.4).…”

Hydrophobic Polymers from Food Waste: Resources and Synthesis

“…Research in the polymerization of phenol derivatives has also used HRP [231][232][233][234][235] and lacasse [236][237][238] as catalytic enzymes. Of interest for this review is the polymerization of caffeic acid, which is found in the phenolic compounds of potato waste.…”

Laccase-catalyzed electrochemical fabrication of polyaniline/graphene oxide composite onto graphite felt electrode and its application in bioelectrochemical system

“…Laccases are the multicopper oxidases capable of catalyzing the oxidation of various organic and inorganic substrates at the presence of molecular oxygen as oxidant [16][17][18][19][20]. Recently, laccases were widely used as a biocatalyst to assist the polymerization of such monomer as aniline [21][22][23].…”