Polypeptides of Treponema pallidum: progress toward understanding their structural, functional, and immunologic roles. Treponema Pallidum Polypeptide Research Group.

Norris, Steven J.

doi:10.1128/mmbr.57.3.750-779.1993

Cited by 116 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 149 publications

(292 reference statements)

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“…SDS-PAGE, native PAGE, and immunoblotting were carried out as previously described (Kurniyati et al, 2017). Briefly, equal amounts of T. denticola whole cell lysates (~10-50 μg) were separated on SDS-PAGE, transferred to PVDF membranes and then probed with different antibodies, including antibodies against T. denticola FlaG (raised in this study), FlgE (Miller et al, 2016), PrcA (Godovikova et al, 2010), T. pallidum FlaBs (Norris, 1993), and Borrelia burgdorferi…”

Section: Electrophoresis and Immunoblotting Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FlaA protein (37.0 kDa) is likely exported to the periplasmic space via the Sec secretion pathway, as its N-terminus contains a typical peptidase I cleavage site. The FlaB proteins are exported to the periplasmic space through the flagellar type III secretion apparatus (Norris, 1993;Norris, Charon, Cook, Fuentes, & Limberger, 1988). The FlaB proteins are~31.0-32.0 kDa in sizes and are modified with a novel glycan, which is essential for the flagellation and motility of T. denticola (Kurniyati et al, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

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A pleiotropic role of FlaG in regulating the cell morphogenesis and flagellar homeostasis at the cell poles of Treponema denticola

Kurniyati

Zhang

et al. 2018

Cellular Microbiology

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FlaG homologue has been found in several bacteria including spirochetes; however, its function is poorly characterised. In this report, we investigated the role of TDE1473, a putative FlaG, in the spirochete Treponema denticola, a keystone pathogen of periodontitis. TDE1473 resides in a large gene operon that is controlled by a σ70‐like promoter and encodes a putative FlaG protein of 123 amino acids. TDE1473 can be detected in the periplasmic flagella (PFs) of T. denticola, suggesting that it is a flagella‐associated protein. Consistently, in vitro studies demonstrate that the recombinant TDE1473 interacts with the PFs in a dose‐dependent manner and that such an interaction requires FlaA, a flagellar filament sheath protein. Deletion of TDE1473 leads to long and less motile mutant cells. Cryo‐electron tomography analysis reveal that the wild‐type cells have 2–3 PFs with nearly homogenous lengths (ranging from 3 to 6 μm), whereas the mutant cells have less intact PFs with disparate lengths (ranging from 0.1 to 9 μm). The phenotype of T. denticola TDE1473 mutant reported here is different from its counterparts in other bacteria, which provides insight into further understanding the role of FlaG in the regulation of bacterial cell morphogenesis and flagellation.

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Section: Electrophoresis and Immunoblotting Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A pleiotropic role of FlaG in regulating the cell morphogenesis and flagellar homeostasis at the cell poles of Treponema denticola

Kurniyati

Zhang

et al. 2018

Cellular Microbiology

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“…Specifically, in most spirochete species, the PFs are comprised of at least one sheath protein (FlaA) and one to three core proteins (FlaB1-3). The FlaA proteins (ranging in size from 37 to 44 kDa) are similar between species, based on their amino acid sequences and antigenic cross-reactivity (Norris et al, 1988;Norris, 1993). The FlaA proteins are likely exported to the periplasmic space via the type II secretion pathway, as their N-termini contain a typical peptidase I cleavage site (Pugsley, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the FlaB proteins are exported to the periplasmic space through the flagellar type III secretion apparatus (Erhardt et al, 2010). The FlaB proteins are generally 30-41 kDa in size and immunologically cross-reactive (both within a given species and also between species) (Norris et al, 1988;Norris, 1993). For spirochetes that have multiple core proteins, such as Brachyspira hyodysenteriae (the causative agent of swine dysentery) , the function of FlaB proteins overlaps such that neither one of these proteins is essential for the intact PF structure and cell motility (Li et al, 2000a(Li et al, , 2008.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel glycan modifies the flagellar filament proteins of the oral bacterium Treponema denticola

Kurniyati

Kelly

Vinogradov

et al. 2016

Molecular Microbiology

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While protein glycosylation has been reported in several spirochetes including the syphilis bacterium Treponema pallidum and Lyme disease pathogen Borrelia burgdorferi, the pertinent glycan structures and their roles remain uncharacterized. Herein, we report a novel glycan with an unusual chemical composition and structure in the oral spirochete Treponema denticola, a keystone pathogen of periodontitis. The identified glycan of mass 450.2 Da is composed of a monoacetylated nonulosonic acid (Non) with a novel extended N7 acyl modification, a 2-methoxy-4,5,6-trihydroxy-hexanoyl residue in which the Non has a pseudaminic acid configuration (L-glycero-L-manno) and is β-linked to serine or threonine residues. This novel glycan modifies the flagellin proteins (FlaBs) of T. denticola by O-linkage at multiple sites near the D1 domain, a highly conserved region of bacterial flagellins that interact with Toll-like receptor 5. Furthermore, mutagenesis studies demonstrate that the glycosylation plays an essential role in the flagellar assembly and motility of T. denticola. To our knowledge, this novel glycan and its unique modification sites have not been reported previously in any bacteria.

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Syphilis: Laboratory Aspects

Wright

Norris²,

Dhillon

et al. 2012

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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The laboratory diagnosis of syphilis remains a challenge to physicians. The organism cannot be subcultured and dark‐field microscopy requires a skilled operator. Current routine assays rely on serological‐based techniques, which cannot distinguish syphilis from other treponemal infections such as yaws and pinta. False‐positive and false‐negative results can occur, as well as difficulties between differentiating between acute and chronic infection. Concomitant infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can also skew results. Molecular analysis with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is promising but is still in its infancy and standardisation is required. Therefore in order to diagnose syphilis correlation with the history and clinical examination findings remain of paramount importance. Key Concepts: Models of the cyclical epidemics of syphilis, which have been proposed and the factors that influence their periodicity and size of recurrence. Comparison with the Treponema species that infect man with those from primates points to the origin of the disease, whereas study of their molecular structure throws light on treponemal biology. The role of serological tests in the diagnosis of syphilis is analysed. Rapid screening tests are contrasted with more sophisticated laboratory tests. An example of the latter is the place of confirmatory tests. The reasons for the gradual introduction of molecular tests like PCR into the diagnostic armoury and their current shortcomings are evaluated. The practical difficulties of manufacturing and introducing a syphilis ‘vaccine’ are addressed, despite the theoretical and experimental support for this approach.

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Polypeptides of Treponema pallidum: progress toward understanding their structural, functional, and immunologic roles. Treponema Pallidum Polypeptide Research Group.

Cited by 116 publications

References 149 publications

A pleiotropic role of FlaG in regulating the cell morphogenesis and flagellar homeostasis at the cell poles of Treponema denticola

A pleiotropic role of FlaG in regulating the cell morphogenesis and flagellar homeostasis at the cell poles of Treponema denticola

A novel glycan modifies the flagellar filament proteins of the oral bacterium Treponema denticola

Syphilis: Laboratory Aspects

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