Polyphenol-Based Nanoparticles: A Promising Frontier for Enhanced Colorectal Cancer Treatment

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a significant challenge in healthcare, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies. Natural compounds such as polyphenols with inherent anticancer properties have gained attention as potential therapeutic agents. This review highlights the need for novel therapeutic approaches in CRC, followed by a discussion on the synthesis of polyphenols-based nanoparticles. Various synthesis techniques, including dynamic covalent bonding, non-covalent bonding, polymerization, chemical conjugation, reduction, and metal-polyphenol networks, are explored. The mechanisms of action of these nanoparticles, encompassing passive and active targeting mechanisms, are also discussed. The review further examines the intrinsic anticancer activity of polyphenols and their enhancement through nano-based delivery systems. This section explores the natural anticancer properties of polyphenols and investigates different nano-based delivery systems, such as micelles, nanogels, liposomes, nanoemulsions, gold nanoparticles, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, and metal–organic frameworks. The review concludes by emphasizing the potential of nanoparticle-based strategies utilizing polyphenols for CRC treatment and highlights the need for future research to optimize their efficacy and safety. Overall, this review provides valuable insights into the synthesis, mechanisms of action, intrinsic anticancer activity, and enhancement of polyphenols-based nanoparticles for CRC treatment.

Nanoparticles for efficient drug delivery and drug resistance in glioma: New perspectives

“… 107 , 108 Micelles are composed of polymer chain segments that self‐assemble to form a core and shell structure, with the core usually composed of hydrophobic polymers and the shell composed of hydrophilic polymers. 109 , 110 This structure gives micelles dual hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties, making them useful for a wide range of applications such as drug delivery and material preparation. 111 , 112 Major methods for the preparation of polymeric micelles include solvent evaporation, reversed‐phase microemulsion, and thermodynamic methods.…”

“… 168 There are also NPs that can be used directly to treat diseases, such as gold NPs that can be used to treat cancer by killing cancer cells through heating. 109 , 169 Nanofibers, for example, can be used to mimic the structure of muscle and nerve tissue. In addition, nanofibers play an important role in tumor therapy, especially in overcoming the problem of tumor drug resistance.…”

Natural Chalcones and Derivatives in Colon Cancer: Pre-Clinical Challenges and the Promise of Chalcone-Based Nanoparticles

“…One of the primary derivatives of chalcones explored in the context of colon cancer treatment is CUR. Notably, several NP-based formulations, including liposomes, micelles, nanogels, chitosan, and polymeric NPs, have been developed, demonstrating their effectiveness in combatting colon cancer in both in vitro and in vivo studies ( Table 2 ) [ 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 ]. Additionally, innovative delivery systems have emerged.…”

Flavonoids and Flavonoid-Based Nanoparticles for Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis Management

“…Nevertheless, there are challenges in terms of their bioavailability and targeted delivery. Flavonoids, when administered conventionally, may have limited absorption and distribution in the body, thereby reducing their therapeutic effectiveness [10]. Furthermore, the complexity of arthritis, whether OA or RA, presents a multifaceted challenge.…”

“…Moreover, the interest of scientists in harnessing the advantages of nanoparticle technology to enhance the innate benefits of phytochemicals takes the center stage [10,12,13]. The unique properties of nanoparticles, including their improved bioavailability and targeted delivery, offer a promising avenue for overcoming the challenges associated with traditional treatments [10,14,15].…”