Polyphenol Liquid–Liquid Extraction Process Development Using NRTL-SAC

Abstract

Liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) can be an effective strategy for the purification of polyphenols from a fermentation broth. However, solvents need to be chosen to ensure high extraction capacity and selectivity. For that purpose, a systematic study is here presented, where the partition of different polyphenols—naringin, naringenin, p-coumaric acid, and trans-resveratrol—was measured in different solvents and solvent mixtures and described using the semipredictive NRTL-SAC model. The minimum average absolute deviation obtained, based on predicted activity coefficients, was of 40%. With the exception of naringin, the NRTL-SAC molecular descriptors were estimated using solubility data already available in the literature. The obtained results made it possible to propose suitable LLE-based downstream process schemes for two possible purification scenarios: the recovery of trans-resveratrol and the purification of both naringenin and trans-resveratrol, two similar hydrophobic polyphenols, both from a fermentation broth containing hydrophilic impurities (e.g., sugars, proteins).

Assessing the Viability of Recovery of Hydroxycinnamic Acids from Lignocellulosic Biorefinery Alkaline Pretreatment Waste Streams

“…Recently,s uch an approach was demonstrated to isolate pCA, resveratrol naringenin, and naringinf rom fermentation residue. [69] To improvet he economicp rospect of pCA and FA recovery from APL, we contend that future research should be aimed at:1 )the genetic engineering of biomass to produce as ingle type of phenolic acid at higherc oncentrations and stored in the soluble metabolite pool;2 )improvement of the efficiency of hydroxycinnamate extractionw ithoutt he degradation of the polysaccharides;3 )development of technology that further reduces the cost of phenolic acid recovery and purification.…”

A Structured Approach to Recover Valuable Compounds from Agri-food Side Streams

“…Polyphenol has been purified from the plant-based extract or fermentation broth by means of membrane separation, liquidliquid extraction (Silva et al, 2018b), preferential crystallization (Silva et al, 2018c), and adsorption (Moreno-González et al, 2020;Sevillano et al, 2014;Silva et al, 2018a;Soto et al, 2011) Silva et al (2018b evaluated the used of liquid-liquid extraction to purify polyphenols from fermentation broth. As one of the critical factors to design a liquid-liquid extraction process is solvent selection, the authors suggested the use of the NRTL-SAC (Nonrandom Two-Liquid Segment Activity Coefficient) thermodynamic model.…”

“…These descriptors denote hydrophobicity (X), polarity (Y + and Y -), and hydrophilicity (Z) (Chen & Song, 2004). The authors, Silva et al (2018b), use the NRTL-SAC model to predict partitioning into different solvents. The authors suggested different process configurations to purify polyphenols with similar characteristics.…”

“…The phenolic rich fraction might contain different types of phenolic compounds, mainly hydroxycinnamic acids. These phenolic compounds could be further separated from the liquid by crystallization and dried as suggested by Silva et al (2018b). Recovery of solvents could be accomplished by distillation and can be recycled to the extraction system which might additionally benefit process economics.…”

One-Step Purification of Microbially Produced Hydrophobic Terpenes via Process Chromatography

“…Current purification strategies for fermentatively produced terpenes are limited to extractions with organic solvents (Janoschek et al, 2018). The processes for other hydrophobic natural products are developed empirically with non-optimal conditions and standard unit operations, which derive from the classical natural product isolation (Kawasaki et al, 2008; Sreekanth et al, 2009; Sun et al, 2009; McPartland et al, 2012; Bergs et al, 2013; Silva et al, 2018b). Chromatographic processes are often preferable and unavoidable, when purity requirements must be met, and can be developed specifically for the product binding and desorption, leading to extremely high purities after just one unit operation (Xiong et al, 2019).…”