Polyphenol-Rich Loquat Fruit Extract Prevents Fructose-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Modulating Glycometabolism, Lipometabolism, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Intestinal Barrier, and Gut Microbiota in Mice

Abstract

Fructose as a daily sweetener is widely recognized as a risk catalyst for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of current study is to evaluate the effects and molecular mechanism by which polyphenol-rich loquat fruit extract (LFP) prevents NAFLD in mice fed 30% fructose water (HF) for 8 weeks. Administration of LFP to HF-fed mice mitigated abnormal body weight, disordered lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation through a mechanism regulated by the AKT, ChREBP/SREBP-1c, Nrf2, and TLR4/MyD88/TRIF pathways. LFP caused a significant decrease in the endotoxin content (16.67−12.7 EU/mL) in the liver of HF-fed mice. LFP not only improved HF-induced breakage of the intestinal barrier via interacting with tight junction proteins (ZO-1, occludin), mucin, and immunoreaction in the colon but also maintained normal colonic Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios and the relative abundance of Veillonella in HF-fed mice. Our results suggest that LFP may serve as a nutritional agent for protecting liver in HF-fed mice.

Synergistic effects of black ginseng and aged garlic extracts for the amelioration of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice

“…Another study by Wang et al., (2016) also reported that phenolic compounds exert positive effects on gut microbes and lead to improvement in hepatic fat deposition, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and intestinal inflammation in mice. Likewise, Li et al., (2019) observed inhibition of NAFLD in high‐fructose‐fed mice due to phenolic compounds derived from loquat fruit indicating its antihyperlipidemic and antihyperglycemic potentials.…”

Beneficial effects of Chinese herbs in the treatment of fatty liver diseases

“…3 C). 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 All the Chinese medicines in Fig. 3 C reduced blood glucose levels.…”

Salted and Unsalted Zhàcài (Brassica juncea var. tumida) Alleviated High‐Fat Diet‐Induced Dyslipidemia by Regulating Gut Microbiota: A Multiomics Study

“…[2] Increasing evidence DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000798 suggests that the long-term intake of a high-fat (HF) and/or high-carbohydrate diet can induce dyslipidemia together with disorder of gut microbiota. [3][4][5] Interestingly, a high consumption of vegetables can improve HF diet-induced dyslipidemia, disordered intestinal flora, and epithelial barrier integrity. [6,7] It should be noted that salted vegetables might not reduce the cancer risk like fresh vegetables do.…”