Polysaccharide-Based Tissue Adhesives for Sealing Corneal Incisions

Abstract

Polysaccharide-based tissue adhesives are efficacious in sealing corneal wounds and are non-cytotoxic to corneal endothelial cells. Such adhesives represent a promising new technology for ophthalmic surgery.

Synthesis and characterization of a chondroitin sulfate-polyethylene glycol corneal adhesive

“…Other experimental adhesives have been synthesized [13][14][15][16][17][18] ; however, only 2 of them 15,16 could seal incisions with pressures well above 110 mm Hg. One adhesive was also polysaccharide-based, crosslinked with a PEG amine molecule, but the sugar was dextran aldehyde.…”

“…The adhesives are classified as biological, 13 synthetic, 14 or a combination of the two [15][16][17] ; while some useful techniques to seal the incision include the use of soldering materials 18 and tissue welding. 19 We previously developed an ocular adhesive based on chondroitin sulfate (CS) 17 but modified the chemistry in the current study to enhance biocompatibility.…”

Characterization of Star Adhesive Sealants Based On PEG/Dextran Hydrogels

“…[23] In addition, PEG/dextran adhesive was successful in sealing small intestinal puncture and corneal incisions to pressures higher than 100 and 500 mm Hg, [24] respectively, and was non-cytotoxic to bovine corneal endothelial cells. [25] The existing limitations of commercially available materials have highlighted the need for an alternative adhesive system with tunable adhesion and bioreactivity. This paper demonstrates the complexity in the development of an adhesive that will provide a node for modulated adhesion while maintaining biocompatibility, conferring controllable mechanical properties and degradation kinetics.…”

Endothelial keratoplasty combined with cataract surgery or alone using polyethylene glycol hydrogel sealant for closure of corneal incisions

“…4,7 Suture placement prolongs operative time and induces trauma to the corneal tissue. Complications range from induced astigmatism to sight-threatening events such as suture abscess and endophthalmitis.…”

“…Various ocular tissue adhesives have been investigated including fibrin glue, 1,2 n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate, 1,2 methoxypropyl cyanoacrylate, 2 biodendrimer, 3 and polysaccharide-based tissue adhesive. 4 Polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel is a biodegradable polymer that is smeared on the surface of the eye and undergoes gel polymerization in situ. It has been used to seal limbal and clear corneal cataract wounds and to seal fornixbased conjunctival flaps in trabeculectomies and has also been used in pterygium surgery.…”