Polysaccharides as amphiphiles

Balasubramanian, D.; Raman, Balamurali; Sundari, C. Sivakama

doi:10.1021/ja00054a010

Cited by 53 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…However, the above fluorescence probing measurement evidences that hydrophobic domains are formed in the aqueous solution of PGEA above the cac. The driving force for PGEA association in water may be attributed to the combination of hydrophobic interactions and highly cooperative inter-or/and intramolecular hydrogen bonding (21)(22)(23). The hydrophobic interactions come from the polymer backbone, while the hydrogen bonding is mainly from the glucose moieties.…”

Section: Fluorescence Probe Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Association of Poly[2-(β-D-glucosyloxy)ethyl Acrylate] in Water

Liang

2000

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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Section: Fluorescence Probe Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Association of Poly[2-(β-D-glucosyloxy)ethyl Acrylate] in Water

Liang

2000

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…5). Moreover, from a physical point of view, it has been demonstrated that linear dextrins adopting helical conformations exhibit amphiphilic properties (Sivakama Sundari et al, 1991 ;Balasubramanian et al, 1993), similar to those of cyclodextrins (Clarke et al, 198s;Saenger, 1980). This amphiphilicity is generated as a consequence of the stereochemical constraints, which disposes all the hydroxyl groups on the outer face of the helix, leaving the inner cavity sufficiently hydrophobic (Neal and Goring, 1970) to interact with substituted fatty acids (Jiang et al, 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Elucidation of Novel Methylglucose‐Containing Polysaccharides from Mycobacterium xenopi

Tuffal

Ponthus

Picard

et al. 1995

European Journal of Biochemistry

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The structures of methylglucose-containing polysaccharides (MeGlc PS) from MycobacteriLim xenopi were investigated using high-pH anion-exchange chromatography and liquid secondary-ion mass spectrometry. We report the structure of two novel MeGlc PS, referred to as A and B. MeGlc PS A is composed of 16 D-glUCopyranoSe residues, 11 of which are methylated, and MeGlc PS B contains 15 D-glucopyranose residues, 10 of which are methylated. The main structural feature of both MeGlc PS A and B, compared to the previously described structures, is the absence of the tetrasaccharide non-reducing Pathogenic mycobacteria, such as Mycobacteriuin tuherculosis and Mycobacteriwn leprae, the causative agents of tuberculosis and leprosy, respectively, are able to survive in the hostile host macrophage cell. This property is partly related to the presence of a thick lipid-rich cell wall surrounding the mycobacteria. This cell wall contains characteristic a-ramified p-hydroxylated long-chain fatty acids called mycolic acids, which are covalently linked to the arabinogalactan-peptidoglycan complex and to trehalose. These fatty acids provide a monolayer of unusually high order and low fluidity and thus could represent a hydrophobic barrier to the diffusion of hydrophilic molecules and, in particular, for polar antibiotics (Jarlier and Nikai'do, 1994). lsonicotinic hydrazide (isoniazide), probably the most widely used antituberculous drug, is known to inhibit mycolic acid biosynthesis in a mycobacterial cell-free extract o f Mycobacterium aurum (Quemard et al., 1991) suggesting the key role of these fatty acids in the viability of the mycobacteria inside the host macrophage. Unfortunately, the use of isoniazide and other antibiotics is not always effective due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains (Iseman, 1994). This new aspect of tuberculosis epidemiology represents a major public health problem and has caused a renewal of interest in cell wall component biosynthesis.Correspondence to M. Rivikre, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et de Toxicologie Fondamentales du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 11 8 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex, FranceAbbreviarions. PS, polysaccharide(s); MeGlc PS,,,,,,, methylglucose polysaccharide composed of M glucose residues n of which are mono-0-methylated; LPS, lipopolysaccharide(s) ; AG-MeClc PS, a-amylasedigested and glucose-amylase-digested methylglucose polysaccharides ; polyMe PS, polymethyl polysaccharides; HPAEC, high-pH anion-exchange chromatography; LSIMS, liquid secondary-ion mass spectrometry ; LSIMS/MS, tandem liquid secondary-ion mass spectrometry; FAB/ MS, fast-atom-bombardment mass spectrometry.

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“…This result might be possible in that linear oligosaccharides can exhibit amphiphilicity caused by hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces in sugar chains. 18,19 In the previous study, 12 the complexation ability of maltooligosaccharides (maltopentaose, maltohexaose and maltoheptaose) has been suggested through hydrophobic interaction with ANS or TNS. Although succinoglycan dimers have a backbone structure different from maltooligosaccharides, they also interact with hydrophobic fluorescent probes.…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%