Polysorbate 80‐induced leaky gut impairs skeletal muscle metabolism in mice

Abstract

Impaired intestinal permeability can induce systemic inflammation and metabolic disturbance. However, the effect of impaired intestinal permeability on metabolic function in the skeletal muscle is unknown. Dietary polysorbate 80 (PS80), a common emulsifier, has been shown to impair intestinal permeability in mice. Here, we investigated the effect of PS80‐induced intestinal permeability on glucose tolerance with metabolic signaling in the skeletal muscle. Male ICR mice were divided into control and PS80 groups. In the PS80 group, PS80 was contained in the drinking water at 1% (w/v). After 4 weeks, plasma fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) intensity was measured after orally administering FITC‐dextran. Half of the mice in each group underwent running exercises. Metabolic and inflammatory parameters were examined in the blood and skeletal muscle. Plasma FITC and lipopolysaccharide levels were higher in the PS80 group than the control group ( p < .01, p = .085). The expression of tumor necrosis factor‐α in the skeletal muscle was increased upon PS80 administration ( p < .05). Although the homeostasis model assessment ratio was higher in the PS80‐fed mice ( p < .05), insulin‐signaling activity in the muscle did not differ between groups. Muscular pH, mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase activity, and glycogen content after exercise were lower in the PS80 group ( p < .05) than the control group. There was a negative correlation between plasma FITC and muscle glycogen levels in the exercised groups ( r = −.60, p < .05). These results suggest that daily PS80 intake induces intestinal permeability, leading to glucose intolerance and mitochondrial dysfunction in the skeletal muscle.

The combination of trailer transport and exercise increases gastrointestinal permeability and markers of systemic inflammation in horses

“…The challenge also produced small, transient increases in circulating bacterial endotoxin (LPS) and systemic inflammation (SAA). The data provide evidence that horses undergoing this common combined challenge may be at risk for developing persistent inflammatory consequences typical of LGS, including suboptimal performance, 1 immune dysfunction, 48 and gastrointestinal inflammation 49 . The model may be a useful tool in further studies on the role of alterations in gastrointestinal permeability in equine disease.…”

“…The resulting hyperpermeability (or ‘leakiness’) of the gastrointestinal tract can trigger aberrant systemic inflammatory responses. Clinical manifestations of these inflammatory responses, which may include impaired skeletal muscle metabolism, 1 metabolic dysfunction, 2,3 allergies, 4,5 and inflammatory diseases such as arthritis, 6 are collectively termed LGS.…”

High-intensity exercise impairs intestinal barrier function by generating oxidative stress

“…Typically, a leaky gut impairs metabolic function, which is mediated by chronic low-grade inflammation. ( 29 ) We previously found that mice with leaky guts exhibited glucose intolerance, ( 30 ) which may be involved in low glucose uptake and mitochondrial dysfunction. Under these leaky-gut conditions, muscle fatigue and failure to metabolic adaptation take place easily.…”

Risk factors for the prevalence and development of allergic diseases

“…17,89 Aditivi u hrani, uglavnom prehrambeni surfaktanti, imaju štetne toksične učinke na epitelnu barijeru crije va, a emulgator hrane, kao što je Polysorbat-80, po većava propusnost barijere za alergene. 90,91 Maltodek strin, prehrambeni zgušnjivač koji se široko koristi u formulama za dojenčad, izaziva retikularni stres, upalu i deficit mucina na crijevnom epitelu. 91,92 Osim pre hrambenih aditiva, druge komponente iz hrane tako đer mogu oštetiti epitelne barijere.…”