Pomace Olive Oil Concentrated in Triterpenic Acids Restores Vascular Function, Glucose Tolerance and Obesity Progression in Mice

Claro-Cala, Carmen M.; Quintela, José Carlos; Pérez-Montero, Marta; Miñano, Javier; Sotomayor, Marı́a Álvarez de; Herrera, Marcelino; Rodríguez‐Rodríguez, Rosalía

doi:10.3390/nu12020323

Cited by 24 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Our results indicated that only the animals fed the diet enriched with saturated fat (butter) showed significantly higher values of body weight and adiposity (total visceral fat) compared to control and EVOO diets, although the EVOO diet contained the same energy density, and that no marked differences were recorded in food intake although a significant reduction in food intake was established in the butter diet at the end of the experimental period, probably as a response to the increase in body weight. This beneficial effect of olive oil in the regulation of body weight has been described in previous works [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ] and could be related to the minor components included in the unsaponifiable fraction of EVOO [ 23 ] and gut dysbiosis [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Hypothalamic Renin–Angiotensin System and Lipid Metabolism: Effects of Virgin Olive Oil versus Butter in the Diet

et al. 2021

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The brain renin–angiotensin system (RAS) has been recently involved in the homeostatic regulation of energy. Our goal was to analyse the influence of a diet rich in saturated fatty acids (butter) against one enriched in monounsaturated fatty acids (olive oil) on hypothalamic RAS, and their relationship with the metabolism of fatty acids. Increases in body weight and visceral fat, together with an increase in aminopeptidase A expression and reductions in AngII and AngIV were observed in the hypothalamus of animals fed with the butter diet. In this group, a marked reduction in the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism (LPL, CD36, and CPT-1) was observed in liver and muscle. No changes were found in terms of body weight, total visceral fat and the expression of hepatic genes related to fatty acid metabolism in the olive oil diet. The expressions of LPL and CD36 were reduced in the muscles, although the decrease was lower than in the butter diet. At the same time, the fasting levels of leptin were reduced, no changes were observed in the hypothalamic expression of aminopeptidase A and decreases were noted in the levels of AngII, AngIV and AngIII. These results support that the type of dietary fat is able to modify the hypothalamic profile of RAS and the body energy balance, related to changes in lipid metabolism.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Hypothalamic Renin–Angiotensin System and Lipid Metabolism: Effects of Virgin Olive Oil versus Butter in the Diet

et al. 2021

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“…Additionally, numerous studies have shown that polyphenols such as resveratrol, curcumin or gingerenone A were able to inhibit adipogenesis and AT mass in rodent models [ 24 , 50 ]. Indeed, olive oil extracts rich in oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol and triterpenic acids present protective effects against adipose tissue damage and obesity-associated metabolic disorders in HF diet rodent models [ 51 , 52 ]. Of note, the latter studies were interested in WAT from various origins (epididymal, mesenteric, retroperitoneal, perirenal and inguinal AT) but not peripancreatic WAT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripancreatic Adipose Tissue Remodeling and Inflammation during High Fat Intake of Palm Oils or Lard in Rats

et al. 2021

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Excessive fat consumption leads to the development of ectopic adipose tissues, affecting the organs they surround. Peripancreatic adipose tissue is implicated in glucose homeostasis regulation and can be impaired in obesity. High palm oil consumption’s effects on health are still debated. We hypothesised that crude and refined palm oil high-fat feeding may have contrasting effects on peripancreatic adipocyte hypertrophy, inflammation and lipid oxidation compound production in obese rats. In Wistar rats, morphological changes, inflammation and isoprostanoid production following oxidative stress were assessed in peripancreatic adipose tissue after 12 weeks of diets enriched in crude or refined palm oil or lard (56% energy from fat in each case) versus a standard chow diet (11% energy from fat). Epididymal white and periaortic brown adipose tissues were also included in the study. A refined palm oil diet disturbed glucose homeostasis and promoted lipid deposition in periaortic locations, as well as adipocyte hypertrophy, macrophage infiltration and isoprostanoid (5-F2c-isoprostane and 7(RS)-ST-Δ8-11-dihomo-isofuran) production in peripancreatic adipose tissue. Crude palm oil induced a lower impact on adipose deposits than its refined form and lard. Our results show that the antioxidant composition of crude palm oil may have a protective effect on ectopic adipose tissues under the condition of excessive fat intake.

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“…Likewise, Djeziri et al [ 151 ] have pointed out that supplementation of drinking water with OA (50 µg/mL) for 16 weeks to HFD-induced obese C57BL/6J female mice, caused a signification reduction in glycemia after an IPGTT test. More recently, Claro-Cala et al [ 152 ] administered a pomace olive oil rich in triterpenic compounds, including OA, to obese mice for 20 weeks and reported a significant improvement in oral glucose tolerance and intraperitoneal insulin sensitivity compared to obese control mice. The intake of the triterpenoid-rich oil improved both the oral glucose (GTT) and insulin tolerance tests (ITT).…”

Section: Biological Activity Of Oamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In agreement with these results, a significant reduction in the gene expression of IL-1β and IL-6 in the liver and adipose tissue, as well as of TNFα in adipose tissue of HFD-induced obese C57BL/6J female mice was observed by Djeziri et al [ 151 ]. Obese mice fed a high-fructose diet presented increased RNA expression of TNFα and MCP-1 in white adipose tissue and liver, which was ameliorated after being fed pomace olive oil rich in tritepenes, including OA [ 96 , 152 , 161 ]. In addition, Gamede et al [ 153 ] found decreased plasma proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-1β in Sprague Dawley rats fed a high fat, high carbohydrate diet after a 20-week treatment with OA.…”

Section: Biological Activity Of Oamentioning

confidence: 99%

Oleanolic Acid: Extraction, Characterization and Biological Activity

2022

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Oleanolic acid, a pentacyclic triterpenoid ubiquitously present in the plant kingdom, is receiving outstanding attention from the scientific community due to its biological activity against multiple diseases. Oleanolic acid is endowed with a wide range of biological activities with therapeutic potential by means of complex and multifactorial mechanisms. There is evidence suggesting that oleanolic acid might be effective against dyslipidemia, diabetes and metabolic syndrome, through enhancing insulin response, preserving the functionality and survival of β-cells and protecting against diabetes complications. In addition, several other functions have been proposed, including antiviral, anti-HIV, antibacterial, antifungal, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, gastroprotective, hypolipidemic and anti-atherosclerotic activities, as well as interfering in several stages of the development of different types of cancer; however, due to its hydrophobic nature, oleanolic acid is almost insoluble in water, which has led to a number of approaches to enhance its biopharmaceutical properties. In this scenario, the present review aimed to summarize the current knowledge and the research progress made in the last years on the extraction and characterization of oleanolic acid and its biological activities and the underlying mechanisms of action.

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Pomace Olive Oil Concentrated in Triterpenic Acids Restores Vascular Function, Glucose Tolerance and Obesity Progression in Mice

Cited by 24 publications

References 45 publications

Hypothalamic Renin–Angiotensin System and Lipid Metabolism: Effects of Virgin Olive Oil versus Butter in the Diet

Hypothalamic Renin–Angiotensin System and Lipid Metabolism: Effects of Virgin Olive Oil versus Butter in the Diet

Peripancreatic Adipose Tissue Remodeling and Inflammation during High Fat Intake of Palm Oils or Lard in Rats

Oleanolic Acid: Extraction, Characterization and Biological Activity

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