Pomegranate(Punicagranatum)juice decreases lipid peroxidation, but has no effect on plasma advanced glycated end-products in adults with type 2 diabetes: a randomized double-blind clinical trial

Abstract

IntroductionDiabetes mellitus characterized by hyperglycemia could increase oxidative stress and formation of advanced glycated end-products (AGEs), which contribute to diabetic complications. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of pomegranate juice (PJ) containing natural antioxidant on lipid peroxidation and plasma AGEs in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).Materials and methodsIn a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 44 patients (age range 56±6.8 years), T2D were randomly assigned to one of two groups: group A (PJ, n=22) and group B (Placebo, n=22). At the baseline and the end of 12-week intervention, biochemical markers including fasting plasma glucose, insulin, oxidative stress, and AGE markers including carboxy methyl lysine (CML) and pentosidine were assayed.ResultsAt baseline, there were no significant differences in plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels between the two groups, but malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased levels were significantly different (P<0.001). After 12 weeks of intervention, TAC increased (P<0.05) and MDA decreased (P<0.01) in the PJ group when compared with the placebo group. However, no significant differences were observed in plasma concentration of CML and pentosidine between the two groups.ConclusionsThe study showed that PJ decreases lipid peroxidation. Therefore, PJ consumption may delay onset of T2D complications related to oxidative stress.

Pomegranate juice prevents development of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation

“…TNF‐α is a pro‐inflammatory cytokine involved in the pathophysiology of NAFLD via the induction of insulin resistance and inflammation. The beneficial effects of PJ on the reduction of TNF‐α have been reported previously; however, Sohrab et al did not find any significant difference in insulin resistance status in diabetic patients who consumed PJ. This discrepancy might be a result of differences in the design of these studies.…”

“…Given the high content of anti‐oxidants in pomegranate juice (PJ), and its hypoglycemic and anti‐inflammatory properties, it appears that PJ can be beneficial in prevention of NAFLD. Thus, we hypothesized that its regular consumption can inhibit the pathogenesis of NAFLD.…”

Beneficial Effects of Pomegranate on Lipid Metabolism in Metabolic Disorders

“…reported that the treatment with 10% pomegranate peel extract in the diet for 40 days lowered plasma MDA levels in healthy CBA/J mice . Moreover, consumption of pomegranate juice at 500 mL day −1 for 1 week decreased plasma MDA levels in healthy volunteers, and more notably, plasma MDA levels of T2DM patients were also significantly decreased when treated with pomegranate juice at 250 mL day −1 for 12 weeks . These phenomena suggest that pomegranate likely regulates lipid metabolism by alleviating oxidative damage, especially lipid peroxidation.…”

“…These phenomena suggest that pomegranate likely regulates lipid metabolism by alleviating oxidative damage, especially lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, the anti‐lipid peroxidation effects of pomegranate are strongly associated with the improvement of cellular antioxidant capacity, including the increase in the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) . In response to oxidative stress, cells can induce the coordinated expression of genes encoding a set of phase II detoxifying enzymes, which is principally mediated by activation of the transcription factor Nrf2 .…”

Histopathological changes in the choroid plexus after traumatic brain injury in the rats: a histologic and immunohistochemical study

“…The MDA levels were assayed for products of lipid peroxidation, and the results are expressed as nmol MDA/g tissue (19). Glutathion was determined by the spectrophotometric method, which was based on the use of Ellman's reagent, and the results are expressed as μmol glutathione/g tissue (20).…”