Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) reduces endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat

Abstract

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is one of the main causes of acute renal failure, leading to generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ensuing oxidative stress, which results in unfolded/misfolded protein accumulation and its dependent response pathways, generally known as unfolded protein response (UPR), in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We studied the effects of renal I/R on the expression of ER-stress genes, as well as concomitant effects of oral pretreatment with pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) pith and carpellary membrane (PPCM). An in vivo model of rat kidney I/R followed by conventional and real-time RT-PCR was used to evaluate the modulation of GRP78 and XBP1 as central UPR and ER-stress markers. Ischemia followed by reperfusion (60 and 150 min, respectively) resulted in decreased antioxidant properties of plasma (lowered ferric reducing ability of plasma [FRAP] value) and GRP78 transcript levels. Oral administration of PPCM aqueous extract for 10 days with or without ischemia (PPCM and PPCM/Isc groups, respectively) was able to further decrease the GRP78 expression, while it increased the FRAP value. PPCM pretreatment also reduced the XBP1 splicing in the PPCM/Isc group compared to the Isc group. These results suggest that UPR is activated during oxidative insults induced by I/R, while PPCM can reduce I/R-induced ER stress in rat kidneys via antioxidant defense mechanisms.

Natural medicines for acute renal failure: A review

“…These components have antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activities and ameliorated hexachlorobutadiene‐induced nephrotoxicity. Oral pretreatment with pomegranate can reduce ischemia–reperfusion‐induced injury in kidneys via antioxidant defense mechanisms (Hashemi et al, ). Pomegranate extract has also shown protective effects on ischemia–reperfusion‐induced ARF (Sancaktutar et al, ).…”

“…Thus, this effect of proanthocyanidins could be considered in the therapy of myoglobinuric ARF (Stefanovic et al, 2000). (Hashemi et al, 2013).…”

Protective impacts of Cupressus sempervirens leaves extracts against paracetamol hepatotoxicity

“…In contrast, an increase in ALP activity and bilirubin level reflect the pathological alteration in biliary flow, increase in serum total bilirubin and direct bilirubin concentration after paracetamol administration might be attributed to normal uptake ,conjugation and excretion by the damage hepatic parenchyma (Wang et al, 2008). Significant decrease in total protein, albumin and globulin due to disorder in synthetic function of liver (Ogutcu et al, 2008) our results referred that Cupressus sempervirens improve the level of serum total protein ,albumin and globulin due to high polyphenolic content ,thus antioxidant properties of this plant due to its capacity to restore the functionality of the hepatic cell and reduce endoplasmic reticulum oxidation stress (Hashemi et al, 2013), globulin improvement may be due to its immune stimulatory effect (Ross and Pawlina, 2011). Our study showed that paracetamol toxicity induced hypercholesterolemia with increased triglycerides and (LDLC) and reduced (HDLC).…”