Pomegranate supplementation attenuates inflammation, joint dysfunction via inhibition of NF‐κB signaling pathway in experimental models of rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract

Incisive search of innovative compounds for regulating pain, inflammation, and bone damage, with nominal side effects has focused on nutritional supplements. The endeavor of this research work was to investigate, for first time, the inhibitory effect of pomegranate rind extract in established models of nociception and inflammation. Pomegranate (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) and indomethacin (3 mg/kg) was assessed in eddy's hot plate‐induced algesia, carrageenan, and Complete Freund's adjuvant‐induced models in Wistar rats. Results of study conclude that pomegranate at a dose of 200 mg/kg showed significant (p < 0.001) reduction in paw swelling in both inflammatory experimental models. In addition, observations recorded a significant (p < 0.05) increase in nociceptive threshold. Henceforth, we might say that pomegranate (200 mg/kg) decline pain and inflammation by downregulating the activation of TNF‐R1, TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, NF‐κB, oxidative stress markers, and tissue histology. Practical applications The research work represents the first report on inhibitory mechanism of NF‐κB by pomegranate rind extract, enriched in tannins and flavanoids. The findings of the study provide satisfactory evidence of pomegranate rind in amelioration of adjuvant‐induced arthritis. Pomegranate rind, being enrich in bioactive compounds like phenolics and flavanoids possess potent antioxidant activity that might contribute in attenuating rheumatoid arthritis.

Wogonin ameliorate complete Freund's adjuvant induced rheumatoid arthritis via targeting NF‐κB/MAPK signaling pathway

“…NF‐κB and MAPK signaling pathways engage macrophages in the release of cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) and interleukin‐1 (IL‐1), resulting in bone death and synovitis. NF‐κB activation is noted in animal models arthritis and RA patient synovium . It has been shown to reduce inflammatory reaction and joint devastation on collagen‐induced arthritis in rodents by inhibiting the NF‐κB signaling pathway .…”

“…NF-κB activation is noted in animal models arthritis and RA patient synovium. 11 It has been shown to reduce inflammatory reaction and joint devastation on collagen-induced arthritis in rodents by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. 12,13 In addition, RA pathogenesis has been revealed to be strongly correlated with oxidative stress, as reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction is accountable for tissue injury, high proinflammatory environment, and ultimately prolonged disease progression.…”

Characterization of pomegranate peel extracts obtained using different solvents and their effects on cell cycle and apoptosis in leukemia cells

“…Pomegranate therapeutic properties are wide‐ranging, including anti‐inflammatory, antioxidative, antihyperglycemic, and antihyperlipidemic effects. Due to it, pomegranate juice or extracts have been used as a complement for the treatment and prevention of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and others (El‐Hadary & Ramadan, 2019; Jurenka, 2008; Karwasra et al., 2019; Lansky & Newman, 2007; Orgil, Spector, Holland, Mahajna, & Amir, 2016). Pomegranate has shown potential in the treatment of several tumors by inhibition of proliferation in colon, breast, lung, pancreatic, and prostate cancer cells in vitro (Adhami et al., 2009; Panth, Manandhar, & Paudel, 2017).…”

Euphorbia prostata Exerts Potent Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Arthritic Activity in Downregulating the Increased Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines

“…As previously mentioned, RA is a provocative inflammatory disease the symptoms of which include swollen joints, an inflamed synovial membrane, bone erosion and destruction of cartilage. 26 Numerous mediators are involved in the onset and progression of diseases such as T lymphocytes, cytokines, neutrophils, B-cells, monocytes. IL-1 and TNF-α trigger self-proliferation of synoviocytes.…”

“…The effect of HEPE on joint histology and immunohistochemical analysis of IL-1, IL-6, and NF-κB was studied to investigate the effect on pro-inflammatory cytokines/receptors. The dysfunction in ankle joints was assessed by means of radiographic examination and the damage to the subchondral bone was investigated using a scoring system as described by Karwasra et al 26 Histopathological and radiographic analysis confirmed that primarily tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges of HEPE at higher doses exhibited protection against CFA-related changes. The radiographical score markedly increased in the CFA-control group, whereas HEPE significantly lowered the radiographical score in the synovium of CFAinduced subjects.…”