Poor cognitive ageing: Vulnerabilities, mechanisms and the impact of nutritional interventions

Miquel, Sophie; Champ, Claire; Day, J. M.; Aarts, Esther; Bahr, Ben A.; Bakker, Martijntje; Bánáti, Diána; Calabrese, Vittorio; Cederholm, Tommy; Cryan, John F.; Dye, Louise; Farrimond, Jonathan A.; Kőrösi, Anikó; Layé, Sophie; Maudsley, Stuart; Milenković, Dragan; Mohajeri, M. Hasan; Sijben, John; Solomon, Alina; Spencer, Jeremy P. E.; Thuret, Sandrine; Berghe, Wim Vanden; Vauzour, David; Vellas, Bruno; Wesnes, Keith; Willatts, Peter; Wittenberg, Raphael; Geurts, Lucie

doi:10.1016/j.arr.2017.12.004

Cited by 145 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 247 publications

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“…Whether neuroendocrine changes are also related to sex particularly involving the hypothalamus and its interactions between the pituitary and gynoid axis, and how these could modulate changes in body composition will also deserve attention. Studies will also need to consider the interactions between environmental factors (such as diet), genetic factors, and metabolic changes, and the effect that these factors have on underlying cell processing including oxidative stress and inflammation, and their resulting effects on the neurodegenerative process …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural networks associated with body composition in frontotemporal dementia

Landín-Romero

Liang

Keogh

et al. 2019

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

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Background Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is associated with complex changes in eating behavior and metabolism, which potentially affect disease pathogenesis and survival. It is currently not known if body composition changes and changes in fat deposition also exist in FTD, the relationship of these changes in eating behavior and appetite, and whether these changes are centrally mediated. Methods Body composition was measured in 28 people with behavioral‐variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), 16 with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and 19 healthy controls, using dual energy x‐ray absorptiometry. Changes in body composition were correlated to brain grey matter atrophy using voxel‐based morphometry on high‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Results Behavioral‐variant FTD was characterized by changes in body composition, with increased total fat mass, visceral adipose tissue area (VAT area), and android: gynoid ratio compared to control and AD participants (all P values < 0.05). Changes in body composition correlated to abnormal eating behavior and behavioral change (P < 0.01) and functional decline (P < 0.01). Changes in body composition also correlated to grey matter atrophy involving a distributed neural network that included the hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, insula, cingulate, and cerebellum – structures known to be central to autonomic control – as well as the thalamus, putamen, accumbens, and caudate, which are involved in reward processing. Conclusions Changes in body composition and fat deposition extend the clinical phenomenology in bvFTD beyond cognition and behavior, with changes associated with changes in reward and autonomic processing suggesting that these deficits may be central in FTD

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural networks associated with body composition in frontotemporal dementia

Landín-Romero

Liang

Keogh

et al. 2019

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

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“…Cognition is multifactorial and encompasses memory, attention, language, visuospatial skills, and executive functioning (Moyer & Force, 2014). Cross-sectional studies indicate that some aspects of cognitive ability (specifically, measures of fluid ability and processing speed) appear to steadily decline with age across all individuals, starting at around 30 years of age (Miquel et al, 2017). Usually, this decline does not affect everyday function, perhaps because people are able to maintain functional competence using cognitive abilities such as concrete knowledge that do not decline or even improve with increasing age (Salthouse, 2012).…”

Section: Importance Of Cognition To Successful Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Health Solutions for Assessing Cognitive Impairment in Geriatric Patients

Perry

Lacritz

Roebuck-Spencer³

et al. 2018

The Clinical Neuropsychologist

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Colorado. The Summit brought together representatives of a broad range of stakeholders invested in the care of older adults to focus on the topic of cognitive health and aging. Summit participants specifically examined questions of who should be screened for cognitive impairment and how they should be screened in medical settings. This is important in the context of an acute illness given that the presence of cognitive impairment can have significant implications for care and for the management of concomitant diseases as well as pose a major risk factor for dementia. Participants arrived at general principles to guide future screening approaches in medical populations and identified knowledge gaps to direct future research. Key learning points of the summit included: recognizing the importance of educating patients and healthcare providers about the value of assessing current and baseline cognition; emphasizing that any screening tool must be appropriately normalized and validated in the population in which it is used to obtain accurate information, including considerations of language, cultural factors, and education; and recognizing the great potential, with appropriate caveats, of electronic health records to augment cognitive screening and tracking of changes in cognitive health over time.

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“…Specific nutrients (e.g., uridine, docosahexaenoic acid, and choline) are needed for the formation of neuronal membranes and, thus, of synapses (Wurtman et al, 2009). Furthermore, several nutritional supplementations and/or dietary modifications may be able to prevent or postpone cognitive decline, e.g., omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, amino acids, and polyphenols (Miquel et al, 2017; Phillips, 2017). Nevertheless, one should keep in mind that not a single nutrient seems to be essential, but a combination of several nutrients that interact to evoke beneficial and synergistic effects on the brain (von Arnim et al, 2010; Miquel et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, several nutritional supplementations and/or dietary modifications may be able to prevent or postpone cognitive decline, e.g., omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, amino acids, and polyphenols (Miquel et al, 2017; Phillips, 2017). Nevertheless, one should keep in mind that not a single nutrient seems to be essential, but a combination of several nutrients that interact to evoke beneficial and synergistic effects on the brain (von Arnim et al, 2010; Miquel et al, 2017). Mediterranean dietary including high consumption of fruits, vegetables, legumes, cereals, fish, and olive oil and low consumption of meat and dairy products could play a major role in cognitive health (Aridi et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study, therefore, explores how either physical activity, nutritional status, cognition or neurophysiological activity by means of EEG might be related to synaptic functionality in elderly. A recent review summarized that several factors including increased physical activity, improved nutrition, and the performance of mental exercise can attenuate cognitive decline (Miquel et al, 2017). The aim of this study was to test whether the capacity of generating short-time synaptic plasticity in older adults may be related to either physical activity, nutritional status, cognition, or neurophysiological activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical Activity, Nutrition, Cognition, Neurophysiology, and Short-Time Synaptic Plasticity in Healthy Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Schättin

Gennaro

Egloff

et al. 2018

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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The aging brain undergoes remodeling processes because of biological and environmental factors. To counteract brain aging, neuronal plasticity should be preserved. The aim of this study was to test if the capacity of generating short-time synaptic plasticity in older adults may be related to either physical activity, nutritional status, cognition, or neurophysiological activity. Thirty-six participants (mean age 73.3 ± 5.9 years) received transcranial magnetic stimulation in combination with peripheral nerve stimulation to experimentally induce short-time synaptic plasticity by paired associative stimulation (PAS). Adaptations in neuronal excitability were assessed by motor-evoked potential (MEP) in the right m. tibialis anterior before and after PAS. The Physical Activity Questionnaire 50+ and the StepWatchTM captured physical activity levels. Nutritional status was assessed by the Mini Nutritional Assessment. Cognition was assessed by reaction time for a divided attention test and with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Neurophysiological activity was assessed by electroencephalography during the divided attention test. MEPs of the highest stimulation intensity resulted significantly different comparing before, 5 min, or 30 min after PAS (p < 0.05). Data-driven automatic hierarchical classification of the individual recruitment curve slopes over the three-time points indicated four different response types, however, response groups did not significantly differ based on physical activity, nutritional status, cognition, or neurophysiological activity. In a second-level analysis, participants having an increased slope showed a significant higher energy expenditure (z = -2.165, p = 0.030, r = 0.36) and revealed a significant higher power activity in the alpha frequency band (z = -2.008, p = 0.046, r = 0.37) at the prefrontal-located EEG electrodes, compared to the participants having a decreased slope. This study hints toward older adults differing in their neuronal excitability which is strongly associated to their short-time synaptic plasticity levels. Furthermore, a physically active lifestyle and higher EEG power in the alpha frequency band seem to be connected to the capacity of generating long-term potentiation-like synaptic plasticity in older adults. Future studies should consider more sensitive assessments and bigger sample sizes to get a broad scope of the older adults’ population.

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Poor cognitive ageing: Vulnerabilities, mechanisms and the impact of nutritional interventions

Cited by 145 publications

References 247 publications

Neural networks associated with body composition in frontotemporal dementia

Neural networks associated with body composition in frontotemporal dementia

Population Health Solutions for Assessing Cognitive Impairment in Geriatric Patients

Physical Activity, Nutrition, Cognition, Neurophysiology, and Short-Time Synaptic Plasticity in Healthy Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

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