Popular Flavors Used in Alternative Tobacco Products Among Young Adults

Nguyen, Nhung; McKelvey, Karma; Halpern‐Felsher, Bonnie

doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.05.004

Cited by 34 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…E-liquids usually contain nicotine, flavorings, and other chemicals, some of which are known carcinogens [7]. Fruit, mint, and candy/dessert flavor e-liquids are particularly preferred by youth [8]. There is significant variability in the size and shape of e-cigarette devices.…”

Section: Statement Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is significant variability in the size and shape of e-cigarette devices. More recently, small and discreet devices using prefilled cartridges or "pods" have become increasingly popular among youth [8]. Youth may refer to e-cigarettes by their brand name or by a variety of terms, including "vapes," "vape pens," "mods," "tanks," and "e-hookahs."…”

Section: Statement Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current restrictions on conventional tobacco product marketing should extend to e-cigarettes, including banning the marketing of e-cigarettes via the internet, social media, outdoor media, on television, and in print form. Although the e-cigarette industry argues that high nicotine content and flavors are not meant to appeal to youth, AYAs are consistently receptive to advertisements for flavored e-liquids and, in fact, believe advertisements for flavored e-liquids target individuals of their age, not older adults [8,17]. Moreover, as e-cigarette use has consistently been associated with increased risk of future combustible tobacco use [13], federal regulatory agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration should implement stricter control over online sales of e-cigarette products with clear age verification policies.…”

Section: Positions and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Protecting Youth From the Risks of Electronic Cigarettes

Gray¹

2020

Journal of Adolescent Health

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Section: Statement Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Statement Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Positions and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Protecting Youth From the Risks of Electronic Cigarettes

Gray¹

2020

Journal of Adolescent Health

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“…It is estimated that several hundred flavoring chemicals are currently used for e-liquid formulations, allowing consumers to choose on the market among several flavors belonging to menthol, tobacco, fruit (i.e., cherry, blueberry, strawberry, apple), sweets (i.e., caramel, vanilla, liquorice, chocolate) categories, to mention the most popular ones [15,16]. Scientific reports on addictive behaviors highlighted the key role of flavors in vaping initiation, especially among young adults, and the resulting addiction along to nicotine [17].…”

Section: Flavoring Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Characterization of Electronic Cigarette (e-cigs) Refill Liquids Prior to EU Tobacco Product Directive Adoption: Evaluation of BTEX Contamination by HS-SPME-GC-MS and Identification of Flavoring Additives by GC-MS-O

et al. 2020

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The present study focused on the determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) concentration levels in 97 refill liquids for e-cigs selected by the Italian National Institute of Health as representative of the EU market between 2013 and 2015 prior to the implementation of the European Union (EU) Tobacco Product Directive (TPD). Most of the e-liquids investigated (85/97) were affected by BTEX contamination, with few exceptions observed (levels below the limit of quantification (LOQ) of headspace-solid phase micro extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) methodology). Across brands, concentration levels ranged from 2.7 to 30,200.0 µg/L for benzene, from 1.9 to 447.8 µg/L for ethylbenzene, from 1.9 to 1,648.4 µg/L for toluene and from 1.7 to 574.2 µg/L for m,p,o-xylenes. The variability observed in BTEX levels is likely to be related to the variability in contamination level of both propylene glycol and glycerol and flavoring additives included. No correlation was found with nicotine content. Moreover, on a limited number of e-liquids, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry (GC-MS-O) analysis was performed, allowing the identification of key flavoring additives responsible of specific flavor notes. Among them, diacetyl is a flavoring additive of concern for potential toxicity when directly inhaled into human airways. The data reported are eligible to be included in the pre-TPD database and may represent a reference for the ongoing evaluation on e-liquids safety and quality under the current EU Legislation.

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“…Such product characteristics are plausible targets of potential FDA regulation or local policy designed to reduce youth tobacco use. Based on prior work showing favorable perceptions and disproportionately higher use levels of flavored tobacco (non-tobacco flavor such as mint, menthol, fruit or candy) use among youth and young adults [8][9][10] , we hypothesize that flavored tobacco, independent of other product characteristics, will be associated with greater curiosity and ease-of-use but lower perceived danger and potency, both for e-cigarettes and moist snuff. As an exploratory objective, we additionally examine differences in the association between product attributes and youth perceptions by gender and tobacco use status.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic cigarette and moist snuff product characteristics independently associated with youth tobacco product perceptions

Chaffee¹,

Couch²,

Urata³

et al. 2020

Tob. Induc. Dis.

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Use of non-cigarette tobacco is increasing among youth. Past 30-day use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) among US high school students recently rose substantially, more than doubling in two years, from 11.7% in 2017 to 27.5% in 2019 1,2. Similarly, the use of conventional smokeless (spit) tobacco in 2018 nearly equaled the prevalence of cigarette smoking among male US high school students (smokeless: 8.4%; cigarettes: 8.8%) 1. Use of ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Tobacco product characteristics convey product attributes to potential users. This study aimed to assess independent contributions of specific e-cigarette and smokeless tobacco product characteristics to adolescents' perceptions about these products. METHODS In 2019-2020, students (N=1003) attending a convenience sample of 7 high schools in California (USA) were individually randomized to one of two discrete choice experiments, featuring either electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) or moist snuff. Participants were presented like-product pairs of randomlygenerated hypothetical tobacco products differing in device type, flavor, vapor cloud, and nicotine amount (for e-cigarettes) or differing in brand, flavor, cut, and price (for moist snuff). Within pairs, participants were asked about which product they were more curious, was more dangerous, would give a greater 'buzz,' and would be easier to use. Conditional logistic regression was used to quantify independent associations of product characteristics to participants' choices. RESULTS Each e-cigarette and moist snuff characteristic was independently associated with multiple product perceptions. All non-tobacco flavors were associated with more curiosity and perceived ease-of-use but lower perceived danger. Tank and pod-type e-cigarettes were viewed as easier to use and garnered more curiosity than 'cigalike' or 'drip-mod' devices. Smaller vapor cloud e-cigarettes and lower-price moist snuff were viewed as less dangerous, less buzz-inducing, and easier to use. Product ever users held stronger perceptions than never users about device type (e-cigarettes) and brands (moist snuff), while product naïve participants more strongly associated flavor with danger and buzz. CONCLUSIONS Tobacco product characteristics convey product attributes to adolescents that may increase appeal. Restricting specific characteristics, including flavors, could reduce positive perceptions of these products among youth.

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Popular Flavors Used in Alternative Tobacco Products Among Young Adults

Cited by 34 publications

References 9 publications

Protecting Youth From the Risks of Electronic Cigarettes

Protecting Youth From the Risks of Electronic Cigarettes

Chemical Characterization of Electronic Cigarette (e-cigs) Refill Liquids Prior to EU Tobacco Product Directive Adoption: Evaluation of BTEX Contamination by HS-SPME-GC-MS and Identification of Flavoring Additives by GC-MS-O

Electronic cigarette and moist snuff product characteristics independently associated with youth tobacco product perceptions

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