POPULATION GENETIC STRUCTURE OF SPINY LOBSTERS, Panulirus homarus AND Panulirus ornatus, IN THE INDIAN OCEAN, CORAL TRIANGLE, AND SOUTH CHINA SEA

Abstract

Populations of spiny lobsters worldwide are threatened by overfishing, while its supply from aquaculture is currently insufficient to meet the market demand. This current study investigated the genetic structure of two economically important spiny lobsters, P. homarus and P. ornatus sourced from the Indian Ocean and South China Sea. Fragments of the cytochrome oxidase subunit-I (COI) gene of the mitochondrial DNA of 71 P. homarus and 42 P. ornatus collected from 6 and 5 fish landing sites in Indonesia, respectively, were sequenced. Homologous sequences from the Indian Ocean and South China Sea available at GenBank were included in the analysis. No genetic differences were observed in P. ornatus populations from the two geographic regions (x ST = -0.005) while a diminutive difference was found in the populations of P. homarus (x ST = -0.002 and 0.009). These results, combined with a negative Tajima's D estimates, points to a deficit of nucleotide variation relative to the expectations from the mutation/drift equilibrium. Reconstruction of the phylogeny of P. homarus demonstrates that all Indonesian samples of P. homarus are grouped in one cluster and share the common cluster with GenBank data originated from Taiwan, Vietnam, India, Sri Lanka, Oman, and Iran. The phylogeny of P. ornatus indicates that there are two separated lineages existing in Indonesia.

Sea Surface Temperature and Current-related Parameters Affecting Local Adaptation of Scalloped Spiny Lobster Population in Indonesia's Archipelagic System

“…In general, scalloped spiny lobsters from the Indonesian population, based on FST, showed higher differentiation than those from the Omani population, with FST values ranging from 0 to 0.0021. This nding contradicts previous results that showed no differentiation in scalloped spiny lobsters from Indonesia, which were evaluated using mitochondrial DNA 10 .…”

“…However, limited information is available regarding the population structure of scalloped spiny lobsters in Indonesia has been reported. Mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite markers have been reported, but it has been concluded that there is no evidence of a structured population of scalloped spiny lobsters in Southeast Asia 9,10 . This nding has relies on the use of better molecular markers, as Al-Breiki et al, 12 successfully described the evidence of a structured population of scalloped spiny lobsters on the coast of Oman using genome-wide SNP markers.…”

“…Efforts to identify genetic differentiation in scalloped spiny lobsters have been made worldwide, from the western coast of Africa to the Paci c Islands 5,6,10 . Several investigations on the coast of Africa and the Middle East have successfully identi ed strong population differentiation using mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite markers to assess the differentiation among the three scalloped spiny lobster subspecies (P.h.…”

“…This approach is expected to provide a better resolution for acquiring scalloped spiny lobster population structures in Indonesian waters. Previously, scalloped spiny lobster population differentiation was investigated using mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite markers, and it was concluded that a potentially undifferentiated population of scalloped spiny lobsters exists in Indonesia and South East Asia 10,14 .…”

Analysis of genetic diversity in two different shell colors of the giant triton snail (Charonia tritonis) based on mitochondrial COI sequences

“…There are many examples of maintaining population connectivity through the dispersal of larvae, such as the main currents flowing along the Atlantic coast of Iberia could have been responsible for maintaining connectivity of populations of Patella rustica through occasional larval transport across a considerable stretch of inhospitable habitat (Ribeiro et al, 2010); Two economically important spiny lobsters, Panulirus homarus and Panulirus ornatus show no genetic differences from the western Indian Ocean to the Indo-Malay archipelago, because larval stage of lobster species had to go through a long floating state (Permana et al, 2019). Contrary to species with long planktonic period, species with short planktonic larval period can show strong population structure, such as the clam Macridiscus multifarius, which planktonic larval stage is about 10 days, high level and significant FST values were obtained among the different localities of M. multifarius on the basis of either COI or 12S rRNA gene, indicating a high degree of genetic differentiation among the populations (Ye et al, 2015).…”