Population genomics and gene introgression in goat herds naturally adapted to Brazil

Moura, Jeane de Oliveira; Campêlo, José Elivalto Guimarães; Bajay, Miklos Maximiliano; Sarmento, José Lindenberg Rocha; Araújo, Adriana Mello de

doi:10.5935/1806-6690.20190056

Cited by 3 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…As pesquisas retratam caprinos das raças locais: Moxotó, Azul, Canindé, Repartida, Marota e Graúna, os estudos ocorreram no Nordeste do Brasil (GINJA et al, 2017;MENEZES et al, 2020;MOURA et al, 2019;NERI et al, 2018;PAIM et al, 2019;SILVA et al,2019).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Recursos Genéticos De Caprinos: Cenário E Sustentabilidade

Oliveira

Destefani²

2021

Ifes Ciência

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A crescente busca pelo aumento da produção tem acarretado na diminuição da diversidade dos recursos genéticos caprinos e ameaçado as raças locais, principalmente através de erosão genética, causada pela substituição de raças locais por variedades melhoradas e/ou exóticas. Esta pesquisa objetivou fomentar informações sobre recursos genéticos de caprinos no Brasil, com viés no cenário atual, na conservação e no desenvolvimento sustentável da caprinocultura. Foi realizada uma análise documental usando os seguintes sites: do IBGE, ABCC, EMATER, IDAF e os Periódicos da Capes. Verificou-se que a região Nordeste detém o maior quantitativo de animais, seguido da região Sul, Sudeste, Norte e Centro-oeste. Foram encontrados 23 artigos usando os descritores “Native breeds of goats” AND “Genetic resources of goats” AND “Goat genetic resources Brazil”. Os resultados desta pesquisa elencam vários desafios que permeiam a produção das raças locais e exóticas. Contudo, pesquisas voltadas para conservação dos recursos genéticos e melhoramento trazem perspectivas futuras para o desenvolvimento de uma caprinocultura mais sustentável.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Recursos Genéticos De Caprinos: Cenário E Sustentabilidade

Oliveira

Destefani²

2021

Ifes Ciência

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“…Both methodologies show overlaps of some markers distributed on the autosomal chromosomes of the sampled populations. Due to the evolutionary history of the Marota local breed, there may have been a population bottleneck or even population expansion, which could result in an excess of rare alleles ( Oliveira Moura et al, 2019b ). However, the consistency of peaks on chromosomes 06 and 25, were identified by both statistical approaches, showing strong evidence of loci under the action of selection, i.e., would hardly be characterized as false positives ( Brito et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chip was manufactured using IlluminaTM Infinium technology, the iScan platform. The genotyping protocol was applied as established by the manufacturer (available at www.illumina.com) ( Oliveira Moura et al, 2019a ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capra hircus outliers markers in Brazil: Searching for genomic regions under the action of natural selection

Diniz Sobrinho,

Moura,

Bajay

et al. 2023

Genet. Mol. Biol.

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Identifying genome regions subject to selection in local breeds of Brazil is an opportunity to elucidate the C. hircus genome plasticity, flowing the colonization history of the country. Using SNP Bead Chip Illumina 50K genotyping of Brazilian Anglo-Nubian (standardized breed) and Marota (local endangered population from the semiarid area of Brazil) to show outliers loci in genome regions subject to selection. After applying data quality control, 45,600 SNPs were included in this investigation. Principal component analysis (PCAdapt) and FDIST2 analysis signalized 14 genomic regions more affected by selection in the Brazilian dry zone environment. The genome study signalized regions that are close to the sequences of genes related to growth and embryonic skeletal development (FGF12, AMPD2, OSTN). In addition, flagged regions close to the genes UTSB2 and SLC5A2 contribute to research on functional adaptation with low water needs and poor nutritive diet to survive. Both genes encode proteins that act on osmotic pathways and avoid cell flooding on stress cell responses. Further studies on the genetic role and involvement of these outliers’ genomic regions, building a robust conceptual high-resolution map of natural selection drives, help to achieve hardiness candidate genes linked to the evolutionary history of Capra hircus in the semiarid area of Brazil.

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“…Among livestock species, goats (Capra hircus) play a crucial role in economic development, significantly contributing to large-scale production, particularly of milk, and supporting rural subsistence by enhancing income for families in developing countries [1,2]. In the Brazilian context, farming activities involving small ruminants are divided between large producers and small breeders, with goats prominently adapted to the semi-arid tropics [3,4]. Goat landraces are generally more genetically diverse than commercial breeds, as they have been developed through a long history of breeding by processes markedly different from those used for commercial breeds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marota goats inhabit the semi-arid region; they are a distinct local type with a white coat, small size, and hardy nature, maintained by government institutions and partners in northeastern Brazil. This population constitutes a valuable reservoir of genetic diversity, as they possess genes linked to minimizing negative effects associated with climate and environmental changes, as well as resistance to parasites and diseases, attributable to their evolutionary history of adaptability to harsh environmental conditions [3,5,12]. Despite its long history in Brazil, the genetic diversity and population structure of the Marota landrace remain poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic analysis revealed hotspots of genetic adaptation and risk of disappearance in the Brazilian goat populations

Sobrinho,

Coelho,

de Oliveira Moura

et al. 2024

Preprint

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We accessed a 50K Illumina SNP genotype dataset from two important goat breeds of the Brazilian semi- arid region to analyze the abundance and length of runs of homozygosity (ROH). This analysis aims to elucidate the importance of adaptation history in the genome of the Brazilian goat populations and to measure genomic inbreeding. Heterozygosity-rich regions (HRR) or genome regions of high genetic variability provide clues about how diversity might be associated with increased fitness, avoiding deleterious homozygous alleles. Overall, 22,872 ROH were identified. The average number of ROH per individual ranged from 74.73 (Anglo-Nubian commercial breed) to 173.85 (Marota landrace). Analysis of the distribution of runs of homozygosity according to their size showed that, for both breeds, the majority of ROH were in the short (<2.0 Mb) category (65.6%). ROH-based inbreeding (FROH) revealed low levels in Anglo-Nubian (0.0627) and high levels in Marota (0.1419), likely due to a reduction in effective population size over generations in the Marota landrace. We defined islands of ROH and HRR and identified common regions in the Marota goat, where genes related to various traits such as embryonic development, body growth, lipid homeostasis, and brain functions are located. These results indicate that such regions are associated with many traits and have therefore been under selective pressure in these goat breeds reared for different purposes.

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Population genomics and gene introgression in goat herds naturally adapted to Brazil

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Recursos Genéticos De Caprinos: Cenário E Sustentabilidade

Recursos Genéticos De Caprinos: Cenário E Sustentabilidade

Capra hircus outliers markers in Brazil: Searching for genomic regions under the action of natural selection

Genomic analysis revealed hotspots of genetic adaptation and risk of disappearance in the Brazilian goat populations

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