Population Growth and Water Supply

Cobbinah, Patrick Brandful; Okyere, Dennis Kwadwo; Gaisie, Eric

doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-0187-9.ch012

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Increasing urbanisation as a result of rapid population growth in most African cities imposes a tremendous challenge on the available and future water resources. Since the year 2000, when the majority of the world's population became urbanised, a gamut of international, regional, local, government, and non-governmental organisations spearheaded by the United Nations have dedicated strengths and resources to examining how sustainable water could be provided in the wake of the global climatic changes and increasing population, especially in developing countries (Cobbinah et al 2016). Arguably, the most ambitious is the formulation of United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 6 (SDGs) as a stand-alone goal to ensure that clean water use and sanitation practice become basic and universal to humanity (UN 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrochemical peculiarities and groundwater quality assessment of the Birimian and Tarkwaian aquifer systems in Bosome Freho District and Bekwai Municipality of the Ashanti Region, Ghana

Okofo

Anderson²,

Bedu-Addo

et al. 2021

Environ Earth Sci

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The Birimian and Tarkwaian aquifer systems are the main sources of water supply for the Bosome Freho District and Bekwai Municipality inhabitants in the Ashanti region of Ghana. A hydrogeochemical assessment was carried out to ascertain the natural baseline chemistry of the groundwaters and the factors influencing groundwater chemistry in these two areas. A multivariate statistical tool consisting of principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) together with hydrochemical graphical plots was applied on 64 groundwater samples. The Q–mode HCA results were used to explain the changes in groundwater chemistry along the flow paths where three spatial groundwater zones and water types were delineated. The first type consists of Ca–Mg–HCO3 freshwater (recharge zone), which transitions into Ca–Na–HCO3 or Na–Ca–HCO3 mixed waters (intermediate zone) and finally evolves to the third type of Na–Ca–Mg–HCO3–Cl water (discharge zone). The study also reveals that the natural process influencing water chemistry is groundwater–rock interaction from carbonate and silicate weathering/dissolution, aided by carbonic acid from precipitation and releases concentration of Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and HCO3− into the groundwaters significantly. The chloro-alkaline indices also reveal cation exchange as the principal natural factor that controls groundwater chemistry in the area. Inverse geochemical modelling shows the dissolution of primary minerals such as dolomite, plagioclase, halite, gypsum, and precipitation of calcite and chlorite along the groundwater flow path. Anthropogenic activities have little influence on groundwater chemistry. The quality of groundwater in the Bosome Freho District and Bekwai Municipality is suitable for irrigational use and drinking water consumption. The results obtained so far will contribute to research paucity in the study area and serve as a guide for decision-makers for improved water resources management.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The water supply by GWCL is mostly irregular, inadequate, and within selected geographical settings. Furthermore, with the increasing call for wider water coverage and distribution due to growing population demand, the water supply in the future remains uncertain (Cobbinah et al 2016;Adimalla 2020aAdimalla , 2021.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical peculiarities and groundwater quality assessment of the Birimian and Tarkwaian aquifer systems in Bosome Freho District and Bekwai Municipality of the Ashanti Region, Ghana

Okofo

Anderson²,

Bedu-Addo

et al. 2021

Environ Earth Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1 Introduction Increasing urbanisation as a result of rapid population growth in most African cities imposes a tremendous challenge on the available and future water resources. Since the year 2000, when the majority of the world's population became urbanised, a gamut of international, regional, local, government, and non-governmental organisations spearheaded by the United Nations have dedicated strengths and resources to examining how sustainable water could be provided in the wake of the global climatic changes and increasing population, especially in developing countries (Cobbinah et al 2016). Arguably, the most ambitious is the formulation of United Nations Sustainable Development goals 6 (SDGs) as a stand-alone goal to ensure that clean water use and sanitation practice become basic and universal to humanity (U.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical peculiarities and groundwater quality assessment of the Birimian and Tarkwaian aquifer systems in Bosome Freho District and Bekwai Municipality of the Ashanti Region, Ghana

Okofo

Anderson²,

Bedu-Addo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The Birimian and Tarkwaian aquifer systems are the main sources of water supply for the Bosome Freho District and Bekwai Municipality inhabitants in the Ashanti region of Ghana. A hydrogeochemical assessment was carried out to ascertain the natural baseline chemistry of the groundwaters and the factors influencing groundwater chemistry in these two areas. A multivariate statistical tool consisting of principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) together with hydrochemical graphical plots was applied on 64 groundwater samples. The Q–mode HCA results were used to explain the groundwater quality flow paths where three spatial groundwater zones and water types were delineated. The first type consists of Ca–Mg–HCO3 freshwater (recharge zone), which transitions into Ca–Na–HCO3 or Na–Ca–HCO3 mixed waters (intermediate zone) and finally evolve to the third type of Na–Ca–Mg–HCO3–Cl water (discharge zone). The study also reveals that the natural process influencing water chemistry is groundwater–rock interaction from carbonate and silicate weathering/dissolution, aided by carbonic acid from precipitation and releases concentration of Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and HCO3- into the groundwaters significantly. The chloro-alkaline indices also reveal cation exchange as the principal natural factors that control groundwater chemistry in the area. Anthropogenic activities have little influence on groundwater chemistry. The quality of groundwater in the Bosome Freho District and Bekwai Municipality are suitable for irrigational use and drinking water consumption. The results obtained so far will contribute to research paucity in the study area and serve as a guide for decision-makers for improved water resources management.

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From curiosity to commodity: a review of the evolution of sachet drinking water in West Africa

Stoler

2017

WIREs Water

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The private sector continues to play an important role in filling local drinking water supply gaps across the Global South. In West Africa, a perfect storm of rapid population growth, infrastructure mismanagement, and globalization of consumer markets has resulted in the advent of an entire new industry around packaged water, primarily ‘sachet water’ sold in mechanically sealed plastic sleeves. Most local governments and international development agencies have historically perceived sachet water as a passing trend, but it has quickly become a primary drinking water source for the majority of households in many urban areas and continues to spread throughout the region and world. Sachet water is now an important component of regional water security, although with attendant issues related to governance, quality control, environmental pollution, and social justice. This paper reviews the seminal literature on sachet water in West Africa, with particular emphasis on Ghana and Nigeria, where most studies have focused. This review synthesizes governance issues, consumer and industry trends, and the latest on product quality in the literature from 2011 to 2016, with 2010 approximating an inflection point for the modernization of the industry. The ability of many West African nations to achieve universal access to safe drinking water may depend on their willingness to understand and incorporate the sachet water industry into an integrated drinking water platform. WIREs Water 2017, 4:e1206. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1206 This article is categorized under: Engineering Water > Planning Water Engineering Water > Sustainable Engineering of Water Human Water > Water Governance

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Population Growth and Water Supply

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Hydrochemical peculiarities and groundwater quality assessment of the Birimian and Tarkwaian aquifer systems in Bosome Freho District and Bekwai Municipality of the Ashanti Region, Ghana

Hydrochemical peculiarities and groundwater quality assessment of the Birimian and Tarkwaian aquifer systems in Bosome Freho District and Bekwai Municipality of the Ashanti Region, Ghana

Hydrochemical peculiarities and groundwater quality assessment of the Birimian and Tarkwaian aquifer systems in Bosome Freho District and Bekwai Municipality of the Ashanti Region, Ghana

From curiosity to commodity: a review of the evolution of sachet drinking water in West Africa

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