Population mapping of gibbons in Kalimantan, Indonesia: correlates of gibbon density and vegetation across the species’ range

Cheyne, Susan M.; Gilhooly, Lauren J.; Hamard, Marie; Höing, Andrea; Houlihan, Peter R.; Kursani,; Loken, Brent; Phillips, Abigail C.; Rayadin, Yaya; Capilla, Bernat Ripoll; Rowland, Dominic; Sastramidjaja, Wiwit Juwita; Spehar, Stephanie; Thompson, Claire J. H.; Zrust, Michal

doi:10.3354/esr00734

Cited by 76 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Forest quality had a strong effect on occurrence probability. This is similar to other findings showing that gibbons tend to inhabit habitats with high forest quality (Cheyne et al, 2016). Occurrence probabilities slightly declined from 2012 to 2014 and then remained stable.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Monitoring occurrence, extinction, and colonization probabilities for gibbon populations

Anh²,

Rawson³

et al. 2020

American J Primatol

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All gibbon species (Family: Hylobatidae) are considered threatened with extinction and recognized on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Threatened Species. Because gibbons are one of the most threatened families of primates, monitoring their status is now critically important. Long‐term monitoring programs applying occupancy approaches, in addition to assessing occurrence probability, improves understanding of other population parameters such as site extinction or colonization probabilities, which elucidate temporal and spatial changes and are therefore important for guiding conservation efforts. In this study, we used multiple season occupancy models to monitor occurrence, extinction, and colonization probabilities for northern yellow‐cheeked crested gibbon Nomascus annamensis in three adjacent protected areas in the Central Annamites mountain range, Vietnam. We collected data at 30 listening posts in 2012, 2014, and 2016 using the auditory point count method. Occurrence probabilities were highest in 2012 (0.74, confidence interval [CI]: 0.56–0.87) but slightly lower in 2014 (0.66, CI: 0.51–0.79) and 2016 (0.67, CI: 0.49–0.81). Extinction probabilities during the 2012–2014 and 2014–2016 intervals were 0.26 (0.14–0.44) and 0.25 (0.12–0.44), respectively. Colonization probabilities during 2012–2014 were 0.44 (0.19–0.73) and between 2014 and 2016 was 0.51 (0.26–0.75). Although local site extinctions have occurred, high recolonization probability helped to replenish the unoccupied sites and kept the occurrence probability stable. Long‐term monitoring programs which use occurrence probability alone might not fully reveal the true dynamics of gibbon populations. We strongly recommend including multiple season occupancy models to monitor occurrence, extinction, and colonization probabilities in long‐term gibbon monitoring programs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Additionally, we used NDVI to model the colonization probability since gibbons tend to inhabit forests of good quality (Cheyne et al, 2016).…”

Section: (Image Codes: Le07_l1tp_125049_20120413_20161202_01_mentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring occurrence, extinction, and colonization probabilities for gibbon populations

Anh²,

Rawson³

et al. 2020

American J Primatol

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“…A possible explanation is the peat-swamp habitat and associated variable food availability [18,56,65–68] and/or the population density of the area being lower than carrying capacity due to anthropogenic disturbances e.g. logging and fire [43,69–71].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Territorial disputes between gibbons take place along the boundary where ranges overlap, and seems that these disputes appear to occur as a result of chance encounters between groups near the boundary [41]. Gibbon territories can be influenced by food availability, canopy cover [18,42,43], presence of tall emergent trees from which to sing [44–46] and suitable sleeping sites [30,33,34,47]. Spacing of gibbons is regulated by both direct encounters [9,41,48,49] and by singing [45] with elements of the song (duet or coda) travelling over varying distances thus carrying information both intra- and inter-group [46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home range variation and site fidelity of Bornean southern gibbons [Hylobates albibarbis] from 2010-2018

et al. 2019

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Gibbons are highly territorial and have two key areas within these territories. The core area in which we find all sleeping trees and the trees from which the gibbons duet and the wider home range (HR) which has varying levels of overlap with neighbouring gibbon groups. The core area is strenously defended, with the wider HR being more of a shared area for neighbouring groups. We present ranging and movement data on four wild gibbon groups from January 2010 to July 2018. Global Positioning System (GPS) data were collected every 5 mins on habitauted groups in Sebangau, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia resulting in 35,521 waypoints. Gibbon home- and corerange sizes were calculated using 95%, and 50%, volume contours of kernel density estimates. Home-ranges ranged from 58.74–147.75 ha with a mean of 95.7 ± SD 37.75 ha, the highest of comparable Hylobates species. Core-range size ranged from 20.7–51.31 ha with a mean size of 31.7 ± SD 13.76 ha. Gibbons had consistant site fidelity for their home- and core ranges; percentage overlap ranged from 4.3 23.97% with a mean 16.5 ± SD 8.65% overlap in home-range area. Core ranges did not overlap with the exception of two groups, in which a 0.64 ha (2.69%) overlap occurred. Unsurprisingly forest loss from fire does affect the location of the HR of the impacted group, but does not appear to affect adjacent groups, though more data are needed on this. Understanding the complex use of space of these territorial animals is important in assessing both carrying capacity for wild populations and understading how reintroduced gibbon pairs will establish their core and HR.

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“…Presbytis rubicunda has increasingly been reported on camera traps placed on the ground: encounter rates only [Giman et al, 2007;Samejima et al, 2012;Loken et al, 2013;Cheyne et al, 2015Cheyne et al, , 2016 and behaviour [Cheyne et al, 2018]. Red langurs of all age/sex classes engage in a variety of behaviours when on the ground: feeding, resting and social behaviour (grooming, nursing infants).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Short Cut to Mushrooms – Red Langur (Presbytis rubicunda) Consumption of Terrestrial Fungus

et al. 2019

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We report the first in-depth evidence of targeted mushroom foraging in an Asian colobine. Using direct observations (2010–2018) and camera traps (2008–2018) in the Sebangau Forest, Central Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo, we show how adult female red langurs (Presbytis rubicunda) are regularly descending to the ground to consume mushrooms. We recorded 82 counts (0.36% of all focal observations, n = 25,502) of the focal adult langur on the ground from direct observations of habituated groups, and 80 independent images/videos of red langurs on the ground were obtained from the camera traps representing 1.12% of total images (n = 7,145). Mushroom consumption took place in 4 families, representing 0.04% of total focal behaviour observations and 24.3% of total time feeding on the ground. From the camera trap photos, red langurs are spending 20% of time on the ground feeding. We speculate that mushrooms could be a supplementary food for adult female langurs as there is an increase in consumption in April and November.

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Population mapping of gibbons in Kalimantan, Indonesia: correlates of gibbon density and vegetation across the species’ range

Cited by 76 publications

References 35 publications

Monitoring occurrence, extinction, and colonization probabilities for gibbon populations

Monitoring occurrence, extinction, and colonization probabilities for gibbon populations

Home range variation and site fidelity of Bornean southern gibbons [Hylobates albibarbis] from 2010-2018

A Short Cut to Mushrooms – Red Langur (Presbytis rubicunda) Consumption of Terrestrial Fungus

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