Population morbidity trends in the regions of the Republic of Bashkortostan (2000—2019)

Аскаров, Р А; Аскарова, З. Ф.; Frants, Marina; Лакман, И. А.; Nurmukhametova, R.A.

doi:10.17116/profmed20212410139

“…Профессиональная патология горнорабочих Крайнего Севера характеризуется большой распространенностью таких заболеваний дыхательной системы, как пневмокониозы, острые и хронические пылевые бронхиты, и наиболее часто от общего числа выявленных профзаболеваний они регистрируются у подземных рабочих [34,35]. Проведенные клинико-функциональные исследования и анализ профессиональной патологии в горнодобывающей промышленности позволяют заключить, что в последние годы отмечается не только рост профессиональных заболеваний бронхолегочной системы, но наблюдается увеличение тяжелых случаев и осложненных форм пневмокониоза.…”

Section: нарушения здоровья работников связанные с факторами риска ус...unclassified

Health disorders in workers associated with health risks at workplaces in mining industry in the Arctic (Analytical review)

Fadeev¹,

Goryaev²,

Zaitseva³

et al. 2023

Health Risk Analysis

1

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The review analyzes a range and prevalence of health disorders in workers employed at mining enterprises in the Arctic and exposed to heterogeneous occupational factors. We revealed that working processes typical for basic occupations in under-ground mining involved exposure to a set of heterogeneous harmful and (or) hazardous occupational factors such as intense occupational noise; elevated vibration; aerosols with predominantly fibrogenic effects, dusts and chemicals; high hardness and intensity typical for physical work; non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation. It was shown that diseases of the ear and mastoid, vibration syndrome, diseases of the musculoskeletal system, respiratory diseases and diseases of the nervous system prevailed both in the structure of general morbidity and in occupational one typical for miners. To create proper working conditions and to minimize effects of harmful and hazardous occupational factors as well as occupational health risks, it is advisable to perform comprehensive hygienic assessment of introduced equipment, machinery and mechanisms; to establish levels and doses of occupational factors. Engineering and technical, technological, medical and preventive and treatment and health-improving activities should be developed on this basis with special emphasis on such occupational groups as drift miners, drill-operators, blasters, timbermen, operators of cargo handling machinery, drilling unit operators, miners in mining outputs and faces, repairmen, and electric gas welders. It seems extremely vital to apply risk assessment methodology to assess occupational health risks for workers employed in mining operations in the Norilsk industrial region considering climatic features of the Arctic. This assessment is important for substantiating relevant activities aimed at managing such risks and protecting workers’ health.

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“…Occupational pathology among miners in the Far North is characterized with high prevalence of such respiratory diseases as pneumoconiosis, acute and chronic dust bronchitis; their highest shares of the total occupational diseases are the most frequently detected in underground miners [34,35]. Clinical and functional examinations and analysis of occupational pathologies among miners have made it possible to conclude that not only there has been a growth in occupational bronchopulmonary diseases in them but also an increase in the number of severe or complicated forms of pneumoconiosis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Health disorders in workers associated with health risks at workplaces in mining industry in the Arctic (Analytical review)

Fadeev¹

2023

health risk analysis

3

0

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The review analyzes a range and prevalence of health disorders in workers employed at mining enterprises in the Arctic and exposed to heterogeneous occupational factors. We revealed that working processes typical for basic occupations in under-ground mining involved exposure to a set of heterogeneous harmful and (or) hazardous occupational factors such as intense occupational noise; elevated vibration; aerosols with predominantly fibrogenic effects, dusts and chemicals; high hardness and intensity typical for physical work; non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation. It was shown that diseases of the ear and mastoid, vibration syndrome, diseases of the musculoskeletal system, respiratory diseases and diseases of the nervous system prevailed both in the structure of general morbidity and in occupational one typical for miners. To create proper working conditions and to minimize effects of harmful and hazardous occupational factors as well as occupational health risks, it is advisable to perform comprehensive hygienic assessment of introduced equipment, machinery and mechanisms; to establish levels and doses of occupational factors. Engineering and technical, technological, medical and preventive and treatment and health-improving activities should be developed on this basis with special emphasis on such occupational groups as drift miners, drill-operators, blasters, timbermen, operators of cargo handling machinery, drilling unit operators, miners in mining outputs and faces, repairmen, and electric gas welders. It seems extremely vital to apply risk assessment methodology to assess occupational health risks for workers employed in mining operations in the Norilsk industrial region considering climatic features of the Arctic. This assessment is important for substantiating relevant activities aimed at managing such risks and protecting workers’ health.

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Awareness of the population about clinical examination and implementation of preventive screening for tumor diseases in the health care system

Levshin,

Slepchenko

2024

Vrach

0

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In the Russian healthcare system, the main method of preventive medicine is regular preventive examinations and medical examinations. Purpose. To study the population’s awareness of preventive examinations and medical examinations and participation in them; analyze methods for performing medical examinations in relation to oncological diseases (OC) and their results. Material and methods. An observational study was conducted with a survey of a random sample of the adult population of Moscow; 461 respondents aged 18–79 years took part in the survey. The main research method is personal interviewing using a unified questionnaire regarding the set of characteristics being studied. Results. In the study sample, 33.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] – 28.8–37.6) of respondents knew nothing about the purposes of medical examination or had incorrect ideas; 65.5% (95% CI – 61.07–69.9). 40.6% (95% CI – 36.03–45.07%) of respondents knew nothing about methods of preventing OH or had incorrect knowledge. Of the 4 screening tests for early diagnosis of certain most common forms of OH, only 2 tests were carried out in the majority of people undergoing clinical examination: examination by a gynecologist with a cytological examination of smears from the cervix - in 83.2% of women; mammography – in 77% of women aged 40–70 years. A stool test for occult blood was performed in only 31% of respondents aged 40–70 years; a full examination to identify visual localizations of OA was performed in 7.8%. Conclusion. Opportunities for the prevention of OH remain largely unrealized. The results of this study show that clinical examination is carried out in a small part of the population. At the same time, in persons undergoing medical examination, it is rarely performed in full.

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Population morbidity trends in the regions of the Republic of Bashkortostan (2000—2019)

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Health disorders in workers associated with health risks at workplaces in mining industry in the Arctic (Analytical review)

Health disorders in workers associated with health risks at workplaces in mining industry in the Arctic (Analytical review)

Health disorders in workers associated with health risks at workplaces in mining industry in the Arctic (Analytical review)

Awareness of the population about clinical examination and implementation of preventive screening for tumor diseases in the health care system

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