Population Structure of <I>Stomoxys calcitrans</I> (Diptera: Muscidae) From Nine Regions of Thailand

Abstract

Starch gel electrophoresis of isozymes was used to estimate gene flow among nine populations of Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) from Thailand. Of the 13 putative loci, nine polymorphic loci were detected. Limited genetic differentiation among populations was observed (F(ST) = 0.060). The highest level of polymorphism was observed in flies from eastern Trat and northern Chiang Mai provinces (69.2%), whereas the lowest level of polymorphism was seen in flies from central Saraburi Province (23.1%). Gene flow between populations varied from 3.27 to 27.53 reproductive migrants per generation. Among the nine populations sampled, no correlation was seen between genetic and geographical distances showing that sampled S. calcitrans fit closely in the same cluster taxa. The electrophoresis of ten isozymes shows a genetic homogeneity of S. calcitrans populations at the scale of Thailand.

Diversity ofStomoxysspp. (Diptera: Muscidae) and diurnal variations of activity ofStomoxys indicusandS. Calcitransin a farm, in Wang Nam Khiao District, Nakhon ratchasima Province, Thailand

“…Few studies of stomoxyine flies have been conducted in Southeast Asian countries, especially Thailand (Sucharit & Tumrasvin, 1981; Masmeatathip et al , 2006; Muenworn et al , 2010; Tainchum et al , 2010). Most studies of stomoxyine flies have been well documented from Africa, the United States and France (Zumpt, 1973; Jones et al , 1985; Gilles et al ,2007a, 2007b, 2008; Mavoungou et al , 2008; Dsouli et al , 2011a, 2011b).…”

“…This “Vavoua trap”, whose name is derived from the name of an African village, has been proved to be a very efficient way to sample Stomoxys spp. in many African countries (Holloway & Phelps, 1991; Mihok et al ,1995; Mihok & Clausen, 1996), in La Réunion Island (Gilles, David, Duvallet, la Rocque and Tillard, 2007a) and in Thailand (Tainchum et al , 2010, Muenworn et al , 2010). …”

Stable Fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), Dispersal and Governing Factors

“…Starch gel electrophoresis analysis revealed limited gene flow and genetic diversification among nine populations of stable flies in Thailand. 80 Although polymorphism varied among regions, 81 no correlation was detected between genetic diversification and geographic distance. 81 , 82 Electrophoresis of 10 isozymes showed a corroborating degree of genetic homogeneity on a countrywide scale in Thailand, 81 and stable flies across North America have been reported as showing little genetic differentiation.…”

Stomoxyinae Flies in Thailand: A Précis, with Abridged Taxonomic Key to the Adult Species

“…Genetics and molecular studies. Tainchum et al (2010) published the first paper on genetic diversity of stable fly populations in Thailand. The rate of gene flow between populations was estimated by comparing the isozymes of nine different regional wild populations of S. calcitrans.…”