Porcine Milk-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Promote Intestinal Immunoglobulin Production through pIgR

Zeng, Bin; Wang, Hailong; Luo, Junyi; Xie, Mei-Ying; Zhao, Zhengjiang; Chen, Xingping; Wang, Dongyang; Sun, Jiajie; Xi, Qianyun; Chen, Ting; Zhang, Yongliang

doi:10.3390/ani11061522

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Mounting evidence reports that porcine colostral exosomes may contribute to the healthy growth and/or development of piglets [ 5 , 6 , 10 ]. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of porcine milk-derived exosomes, focusing on those from colostrum, on T cells in the peripheral blood of suckling piglets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chen et al [ 5 ] suggested that exosomes in the porcine milk stimulated the proliferation of small intestinal epithelial cells in vitro. In addition, Zeng et al [ 10 ] demonstrated that exosomes in porcine milk (collected 3–5 days post-parturition) promoted intestinal immunoglobulin production by stimulating the expression of polymeric immunoglobulin receptors both in vitro and in vivo. These reports seemed to imply that porcine colostral exosomes contributed to the growth and/or development of suckling piglets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Porcine Colostral Exosomes on T Cells in the Peripheral Blood of Suckling Piglets

Miura

Jimbo

Oda

et al. 2022

Animals

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Growing evidence indicates that porcine colostral exosomes may contribute to the healthy development of piglets. Here, we evaluated in vitro the effect of porcine milk-derived exosomes, in particular colostral exosomes, on T cells in the peripheral blood of suckling piglets. A total of seven sows and thirteen suckling piglets were used. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from suckling piglets were cultured with or without milk-derived exosomes (control). Using flow cytometry, the proportion of each T cell subset in cultured PBMCs was analyzed three days post-incubation. PBMCs cultured with porcine colostral exosomes had a higher proportion of CD3+CD4−CD8+ T cells (cytotoxic T cells; Tc) than the control. However, exosomes induced no increase in the Tc cell population in PBMC whose endocytosis was inhibited. We further measured the concentrations of cytokines in the culture supernatant. Exosome-treated PBMCs had a higher cytokine IL-2 concentration than the control. The present study demonstrated that porcine colostral exosomes could increase the Tc cell proportion in the peripheral blood of suckling piglets, with the underlying mechanism believed to be the stimulation of IL-2 production in PBMCs via endocytosis. Moreover, our results suggested that porcine colostral exosomes were involved in the development of cellular immunity in suckling piglets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Porcine Colostral Exosomes on T Cells in the Peripheral Blood of Suckling Piglets

Miura

Jimbo

Oda

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…However, the specific mechanism of how LFM affects PIGR expression levels remains incompletely understood. Interestingly, a recent study demonstrated that porcine milk small extracellular vesicles (PM-sEVs) circ-XPO4 plays an important role in IPECJ2 cell or recipients through the absorption of miR-221-5p and activation of the PIGR , and eventually promote intestinal sIgA production in piglet [ 61 ]. In addition, previous research suggested that most of the beneficial activities from breast milk may be provided by its microbiota associated metabolites, and one clinical trial of Lactobacillus paracasei CBA L74-fermented formula indicated that Lactobacillus fermented milk has a nutritional value similar to breast milk in term of promoting intestinal sIgA level [ 62 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of lactic acid bacteria-fermented formula milk supplementation on ileal microbiota, transcriptomic profile, and mucosal immunity in weaned piglets

Lin

Yan

Wang

et al. 2022

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Background Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) participating in milk fermentation naturally release and enrich the fermented dairy product with a broad range of bioactive metabolites, which has numerous roles in the intestinal health-promoting of the consumer. However, information is lacking regarding the application prospect of LAB fermented milk in the animal industry. This study investigated the effects of lactic acid bacteria-fermented formula milk (LFM) on the growth performance, intestinal immunity, microbiota composition, and transcriptomic responses in weaned piglets. A total of 24 male weaned piglets were randomly divided into the control (CON) and LFM groups. Each group consisted of 6 replicates (cages) with 2 piglets per cage. Each piglet in the LFM group were supplemented with 80 mL LFM three times a day, while the CON group was treated with the same amount of drinking water. Results LFM significantly increased the average daily gain of piglets over the entire 14 d (P < 0.01) and the average daily feed intake from 7 to 14 d (P < 0.05). Compared to the CON group, ileal goblet cell count, villus-crypt ratio, sIgA, and lactate concentrations in the LFM group were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Transcriptomic analysis of ileal mucosa identified 487 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between two groups. Especially, DEGs involved in the intestinal immune network for IgA production pathways, such as polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIGR), were significantly up-regulated (P < 0.01) by LFM supplementation. Moreover, trefoil factor 2 (TFF2) in the LFM group, one of the DEGs involved in the secretory function of goblet cells, was also significantly up-regulated (P < 0.01). Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene of microbiota demonstrated that LFM led to selective enrichment of lactate-producing and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria in the ileum, such as an increase in the relative abundance of Enterococcus (P = 0.09) and Acetitomaculum (P < 0.05). Conclusions LFM can improve intestinal health and immune tolerance, thus enhancing the growth performance of weaned piglets. The changes in microbiota and metabolites induced by LFM might mediate the regulation of the secretory function of goblet cells.

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“…(Moon et al, 2015). The study showed that miR-221-5p could target polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR), which is closely related to the sustained supply of secretory IgA, reducing the intestinal secretory IgA level (Bruno et al, 2011;Zeng et al, 2021). Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), a key enzyme of intestinal immune antibody, was targeted by miR-155.…”

Section: Mirnas Regulate the Homeostasis Between Gut Microbiota And The Hostmentioning

confidence: 99%

miRNA-Based Potential Biomarkers and New Molecular Insights in Ulcerative Colitis

et al. 2021

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Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic non-specific inflammatory bowel disease, which usually manifests as abdominal pain, diarrhea and hematochezia. The disease often recurs and is difficult to cure. At present, the pathogenesis is not clear, but it is believed that the disease is caused by a complex interaction among immunity, heredity, environment and intestinal microflora disorders. MicroRNA (miRNA) is endogenous single-stranded non-coding RNA of 17–25 nucleotides (nts). They target the 3'Untranslated Region of a target gene and inhibit or degrade the target gene according to the extent of complementary bases. As important gene expression regulators, miRNAs are involved in regulating the expression of most human genes, and play an important role in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases including UC. Studies in recent years have illustrated that abnormal expression of miRNA occurs very early in disease pathogenesis. Moreover, this abnormal expression is highly related to disease activity of UC and colitis-associated cancer, and involves virtually all key UC-related mechanisms, such as immunity and intestinal microbiota dysregulation. Recently, it was discovered that miRNA is highly stable outside the cell in the form of microvesicles, exosomes or apoptotic vesicles, which raises the possibility that miRNA may serve as a novel diagnostic marker for UC. In this review, we summarize the biosynthetic pathway and the function of miRNA, and summarize the usefulness of miRNA for diagnosis, monitoring and prognosis of UC. Then, we described four types of miRNAs involved in regulating the mechanisms of UC occurrence and development: 1) miRNAs are involved in regulating immune cells; 2) affect the intestinal epithelial cells barrier; 3) regulate the homeostasis between gut microbiota and the host; and 4) participate in the formation of tumor in UC. Altogether, we aim to emphasize the close relationship between miRNA and UC as well as to propose that the field has value for developing potential biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets for UC.

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Porcine Milk-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Promote Intestinal Immunoglobulin Production through pIgR

Cited by 18 publications

References 42 publications

Effect of Porcine Colostral Exosomes on T Cells in the Peripheral Blood of Suckling Piglets

Effect of Porcine Colostral Exosomes on T Cells in the Peripheral Blood of Suckling Piglets

Effects of lactic acid bacteria-fermented formula milk supplementation on ileal microbiota, transcriptomic profile, and mucosal immunity in weaned piglets

miRNA-Based Potential Biomarkers and New Molecular Insights in Ulcerative Colitis

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