Porções de alimentos e número de refeições realizadas por adultos e idosos do muncípio de São Paulo: relação com excesso de peso e perfil lipídico

Abstract

À Cristiane Sales, por ser uma pessoa tão prestativa e carinhosa, por compartilhar suas experiências e pelas nossas boas risadas juntas. Á Michele de Castro, pelo carinho, doçura, sabedoria e por nossas deliciosas conversas científicas e não científicas. À Bartira Gorgulho, por sua prestatividade e pelos momentos de descontração. A todos os membros do GAC, além dos já citados, Ágatha, Eliseu, Soraya e Marcela. Obrigada a todos pelas experiências vividas, aprendizados, congressos, aulas, almoços no bandejão, cafés, conversas e risadas. A todos que, de alguma forma, estiveram envolvidos no estudo ISA-Capital, pesquisadores, entrevistadores e, também, à população de São Paulo que participou da pesquisa que foi a base para meus trabalhos. Aos funcionários da FSP-USP, especialmente Diego, Vânia e Alessandra, que foram muito prestativos e eficientes. À Secretaria Municipal da Saúde de São Paulo, Fapesp e Cnpq pelo apoio financeiro ao projeto ISA-Capital e à Fapesp pela bolsa de estudos. Às queridas amigas da graduação Laís, Leila, Marcella e Patrícia, que mesmo sem o compromisso de se encontrar todos os dias nas aulas, continuam tão presentes na minha vida, ligadas por uma amizade verdadeira. 6 Aos meus pais, Vilma e Marcos, meu irmão, Fernando e meu marido, Eder, por existirem na minha vida, por tanto amor e carinho, pela segurança e alegria que vocês me dão para viver. Aos meus avós, tios e primos, que me dão apoio e incentivo. Aos outros colegas, amigos e familiares que torceram por mim.A todos, muito obrigada! ABSTRACT Pereira JL. Food portion sizes and eating frequency of adults and elderly of São Paulo: relationship with overweight and lipid profile [dissertation]. São Paulo (BR): Introduction: The contribution of food portion sizes and eating frequency to the rising prevalence of overweight and to lipid profile changes in populations consuming ad libitum diet is not well established, as contradictory results are presented in literature. Objective: Verify the association between food portion sizes, eating frequency, being overweight and lipid profile in a representative population sample of adults and elderly in São Paulo. Methods: The study considered data from cross-sectional population-based ISA-Capital 2008 with random sample of residents of São Paulo aged above 20 years and both sexes. Socioeconomic, anthropometric, lifestyle and diet information was collected between 2008 and 2010 in personal or phone interviews. In the first article of this dissertation, 1042 individuals were classified according to Body Mass Index (BMI) into two categories: with and without excess body weight. Food consumption data were obtained by two 24-hour food recall (R24h). The reported foods were classified into groups and evaluated.The median portion, reported percentage and energy contribution for men and women with and without EBW were calculated. Logistic Regression models were used to evaluate the association of food portion sizes with being overweight. In the second article, data from 521 adults and elderly who had informatio...

Ultra-processed food consumption and dietary, lifestyle and social determinants: a path analysis in Brazilian graduates (CUME project)

“…Furthermore, eating more frequently during the day reduces hunger. It increases satiety, and appetite increases the desire to consume high caloric foods, such as UPF (29,30) and fried foods, which was a mediator between the number of meals eating per day and our outcome, the UPF consumption. Besides, the habit of consuming fried foods is considered unhealthy and is associated with the belief that healthy foods are tasteless (47) .…”

“…The number of meals eating per day and the high fried food intake were associated with the UPF consumption. The consumption of three main meals, including breakfast, combined with smaller meals, is described as part of a healthy diet capable of regulating metabolism and body weight (29,30,47) . An accelerated pace of life can damnify meal times, including the daily consumption of breakfast, supporting an energy overcompensation along the day (28) .…”

“…On the other hand, UPF are convenient and can be consumed in front of the computer, saving consumers time for feeding (1) . Furthermore, studies show that appetite increases the desire to consume high caloric foods, such as UPF, while eating more frequently during the day reduces hunger (28)(29)(30) .…”

Polyethyleneglycol nanoparticles adsorbed to glycine as a bioengineered neomaterial for application in inflammatory processes

“…There are some amino acids, such as glycine, which is being used in the treatment of patients suffering from enterocolitis because they have cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory action [7,8,9,10]. Glycine is a simple, non-essential amino acid known as a functional supplement used in the pharmaceutical industry, nutritional supplementation [10] and is bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory activity present in colostrum [11,12,13]. Previous work showed that the adsorption of glycine onto Polyethylene glycol (PEG) microsphere was able to stimulate the colostrum macrophages and suggest that the controlled delivery system of glycine may be an additional mechanism of protection and treatment of patients with infections and/or inflammation gastrointestinais, as well as for the functioning of colostrum cells [7].…”