Pore size characterization of monolith for electrochromatography via atomic force microscopy studies in air and liquid phase

Cabral, Jean-Louis; Bandilla, Dirk; Skinner, Cameron D.

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2005.12.037

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Cabral et al [37] applied SEM and atomic force microscopy (AFM) for the characterization of the morphology of alkyl methacrylate monoliths. Using SEM imaging, compact structures of aggregates of nonporous microglobules were observed.…”

Section: Control Of Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the control of morphology and surface chemistry of porous polymer‐based monolithic stationary phases and their application in CEC

2007

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This review focuses on developments in the field of polymer-based monolithic columns for CEC published in the literature since the beginning of the year 2005. The possibility of in-situ preparation as well as easy control over their porous properties and surface chemistries clearly make monolithic separation media an attractive alternative to capillary columns packed with particles. Different variables such as polymerization conditions, morphology, and surface chemistry are shown to directly affect performance of monolithic capillary columns in terms of efficiency, analysis time, and retention.

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Section: Control Of Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the control of morphology and surface chemistry of porous polymer‐based monolithic stationary phases and their application in CEC

2007

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“…AFM provides topographic images from which surface area, roughness, and pore size can be calculated. Cabral et al [86] characterized methacrylate-based monolith using tapping mode AFM. They found that the limit of sensitivity was related to the tip size that was in their case 10 nm.…”

Section: Characterization Of Monolithic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous analytical methods and tools exist which provide a general understanding of the effects of chemistry on morphology. These methods include techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) [83], mercury intrusion porosimetry [84], high-resolution optical microscopy [85], atomic force microscopy (AFM) [86], as well as gas adsorption-desorption evaluated using BrunauerEmmet -Teller (BET) and Barrett -Joyner -Halenda (BJH) equations [87]. These methods are widely used for the characterization of polymer supports since morphology plays an important role in the separation processes.…”

Section: Characterization Of Monolithic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation of methacrylate monoliths

Влах

Tennikova²

2007

J of Separation Science

151

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Rigid macroporous polymers developed in the early 1990s are widely used as efficient stationary phases for all types of chromatographic separations. The main advantages of so-called monolithic supports are their high hydraulic permeability and the dominance of the convection over the diffusion mechanism of mass-exchange under dynamic conditions that allow the separation to be carried out at extremely high flow rates and, consequently, during very short operation times. Among other types of macroporous polymers, the methacrylate-based monolithic materials represent the most popular and successfully explored class of sorbents. This review is an attempt to collect together the contributions of different groups working in the area of monolith preparation. Examples of different methcrylate monomers and crosslinkers, as well as porogenic solvents, including polymer ones, used in monolith preparation are discussed.

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“…[1,65,84] Atomic force microscopy (AFM) can also be applied under solvated conditions to image both macroporosity and mesoporosity ( Figure 4). [1,65,85] 2.2. Monoliths prepared by using ROMP…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalysts Immobilized on Organic Polymeric Monolithic Supports: From Molecular Heterogeneous Catalysis to Biocatalysis

Anderson

Buchmeiser

2011

ChemCatChem

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This review describes the synthetic routes to various types of organic polymeric monoliths. Significant concentration is applied to the role of these continuous, porous structures in both heterogeneous catalysis and biocatalysis. A monolith is composed of a solitary mass filled with interconnected pores, which include both large flow‐through pores and smaller meso‐ or micropores. These porous monolithic materials have several advantages over conventional packed beds of porous polymeric beads, owing to their macroporosity and lack of interstitial spacing. Their large pores contribute to mass transfer, which allows the structure to withstand higher back pressures than conventional packed beds, whereas their small pores still operate by diffusion. The effect of multiple parameters, such as the temperature, the cross‐link density, and the type and content of porogenic solvent on the pore formation and pore size distribution is outlined for monoliths prepared through free radical polymerization and ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). Post‐functionalization of these monoliths to control the surface chemistry of the supports and/or affix functional catalysts is elucidated, as well as employment of these supports in continuous catalytic reactions. Significant advances in supported catalysis for metathesis, Heck, Suzuki, Sonogashira–Hagihara, and biocatalytic reactions are described.

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Pore size characterization of monolith for electrochromatography via atomic force microscopy studies in air and liquid phase

Cited by 22 publications

References 30 publications

Recent advances in the control of morphology and surface chemistry of porous polymer‐based monolithic stationary phases and their application in CEC

Recent advances in the control of morphology and surface chemistry of porous polymer‐based monolithic stationary phases and their application in CEC

Preparation of methacrylate monoliths

Catalysts Immobilized on Organic Polymeric Monolithic Supports: From Molecular Heterogeneous Catalysis to Biocatalysis

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