2022
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02001
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Pore Size of 3D-Printed Polycaprolactone/Polyethylene Glycol/Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds Affects Bone Regeneration by Modulating Macrophage Polarization and the Foreign Body Response

Abstract: 3D-printed porous bioactive ceramic scaffolds have been widely used in bone defect repair. However, material implantation is often accompanied by a foreign body response (FBR), which may affect host tissue regeneration. The physical properties of biomaterials, including shape, pore size, and porosity, control the relevant immune responses during tissue regeneration. To the best of our knowledge, the effect of the pore size of 3D-printed scaffolds on the immune response and bone–biomaterial integration has not … Show more

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Cited by 41 publications
(28 citation statements)
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“…Similarly, Wang et al (2014) reported that 30 μm pore size was beneficial to the phenotypic differentiation of M2 macrophages. However, in the study by Li and co-workers ( Li et al, 2022 ), scaffolds with the pore size of 600 μm had better M2 cell infiltration. These differences may be due to the different raw materials and fabrication processes of the scaffolds.…”
Section: Biomaterials Design and Macrophage Regulationmentioning
confidence: 88%
“…Similarly, Wang et al (2014) reported that 30 μm pore size was beneficial to the phenotypic differentiation of M2 macrophages. However, in the study by Li and co-workers ( Li et al, 2022 ), scaffolds with the pore size of 600 μm had better M2 cell infiltration. These differences may be due to the different raw materials and fabrication processes of the scaffolds.…”
Section: Biomaterials Design and Macrophage Regulationmentioning
confidence: 88%
“…Luo et al, concluded that porous scaffolds with a pore size of 400–600 μm better promote osteogenesis and osseointegration [ 51 ]. Although some scholars believe that a small pore size (188 μm) is more favorable for the osteogenic differentiation of cells in vitro [ 52 ], more studies have demonstrated that 400–700 μm is a good choice for the preparation of bone tissue engineering scaffolds [ 49 , 50 , 51 , 53 ]. In this study, the standard pore size of the scaffold was 600 μm, while the printed PF scaffold had a pore size of approximately 564 μm and the pore size of the GPF scaffold was approximately 508 μm.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Studies have shown that pore size and high porosity also affect the polarization of macrophages, regardless of the implant material [ 128 , 158 , 173 ]. Thus, 3D-printed polycaprolactone/polyethylene glycol/ HA scaffolds were, in vitro, tested on RAW 264.7 cells.…”
Section: Prospects For Affecting Immune Response Through Implant Modi...mentioning
confidence: 99%