Porosity distribution affecting mechanical and biological behaviour of hydroxyapatite bioceramic composites

Kanhed, Satish; Awasthi, Shikha; Goel, Sneha; Pandey, Aditi; Sharma, Rajeev; Upadhyaya, Anish; Balani, Kantesh

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.05.083

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Nevertheless, there is few data in the literature concerning fracture energies of porous ceramics. Kanhed et al [57] found fracture toughness values in the range of 0.55-0.86 MPa m 1=2 for porous hydroxyapatite.…”

Section: Recent Advances In Porous Ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties of Porous Ceramics

Salvini¹,

Pandolfelli²,

Spinelli³

2018

Recent Advances in Porous Ceramics

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It is widely known that increasing interest in porous ceramics is due to their special properties, which comprise high volumetric porosity (up to 90%) with open or closed pores, and a broad range of pore sizes (micropores: d < 2 nm; mesopores: 50 nm > d > 2 nm and macropores: d > 50 nm). These properties have many uses comprehending macroscaled devices, mesoscaled materials and microscaled pieces. During their usage, these materials are usually submitted to thermal and/or mechanical loading stresses. Therefore, it is a premise to understand how these porous structures behave under thermomechanical stresses to design materials that show adequate properties for the required application. In this context, the aim of this chapter is to review the mechanical properties of macroporous ceramics.

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Section: Recent Advances In Porous Ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties of Porous Ceramics

Salvini¹,

Pandolfelli²,

Spinelli³

2018

Recent Advances in Porous Ceramics

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“…Figure 7 shows that the addition of 10 mass% forsterite led to a reduction in the particle size. Such a reduction in the particle size caused a reduction in the crack free path, which in turn improved the strength [2,25]. An increase in the forsterite content to 30 mass% led to a decrease in the mechanical properties.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forsterite/nano-biogenic hydroxyapatite composites for biomedical applications

Naga

Hassan

Awaad

et al. 2020

Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies

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Recently, silicate materials have received attention as materials with promising applications in the bioceramics field. A recent study aimed to investigate the effect of forsterite (Mg 2 SiO 4) addition to biogenic hydroxyapatite, Ca 10 (PO 4) 6 (OH) 2 , on the phase formation, physical and mechanical properties, and biocompatibility of the produced composites. Different proportions of forsterite, 10 to 40 mass%, were added to hydroxyapatite obtained from fish bones to prepare the target composites. Various techniques, such as X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electronic microscope (SEM), transmission electronic microscope (TEM), mechanical strength measurements and in vitro studies, were carried out to evaluate the composite properties. The results indicate that the addition of 20 to 40 mass% forsterite led to the transformation of forsterite into protoenstatite and the formation of Mg-rich whitlockite at the expense of hydroxyapatite. It is concluded that 20 mass% forsterite is the optimum addition amount to enhance the physical and mechanical properties of the produced composites. The cell culture tests and in vitro studies agree with the abovementioned results.

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“…These limitations have provoked greater research efforts in bone tissue engineering with an aim to utilise a synergistic combination of different materials for functional bone regeneration [ 3 ]. In a typical bone tissue engineering protocol, a three-dimensional (3D) porous scaffold is initially made and is then loaded with specific living cells and/or tissue-inducing growth factors to initiate and promote tissue regeneration or replacement [ 2 , 4 ]. The initiative of bone tissue engineering has escalated research in the field of biomedical sciences, i.e., it has resulted in a more biologically focused and coherent way of designing and developing 3D scaffolds with an appropriate/desired porosity so that they can serve as reinforcement, support, and in some special cases, firmly establish tissue regeneration and replacement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, various biomaterials are designed and fabricated using polymers, metals, ceramics, or their composites. Bioceramics and their composites have increasingly become an established class of materials applied as human body implants in the form of 3D scaffolds, as they have the necessary properties for biological activity in regard to cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation [ 2 , 4 , 7 ]. Amongst the different types of bioceramics available, those having a similar chemical identity to that of bone (i.e., calcium phosphate-based ceramics, like hydroxyapatite) have been found to be the most successful, however, their inherently low fracture toughness and strength have historically hampered their use in load-bearing applications [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Use of Hydroxyapatite-Carbonaceous Structure Composites in Bone Replacement Materials for Strengthening Purposes

2018

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Biomedical materials constitute a vast scientific research field, which is devoted to producing medical devices which aid in enhancing human life. In this field, there is an enormous demand for long-lasting implants and bone substitutes that avoid rejection issues whilst providing favourable bioactivity, osteoconductivity and robust mechanical properties. Hydroxyapatite (HAp)-based biomaterials possess a close chemical resemblance to the mineral phase of bone, which give rise to their excellent biocompatibility, so allowing for them to serve the purpose of a bone-substituting and osteoconductive scaffold. The biodegradability of HAp is low (Ksp ≈ 6.62 × 10−126) as compared to other calcium phosphates materials, however they are known for their ability to develop bone-like apatite coatings on their surface for enhanced bone bonding. Despite its favourable bone regeneration properties, restrictions on the use of pure HAp ceramics in high load-bearing applications exist due to its inherently low mechanical properties (including low strength and fracture toughness, and poor wear resistance). Recent innovations in the field of bio-composites and nanoscience have reignited the investigation of utilising different carbonaceous materials for enhancing the mechanical properties of composites, including HAp-based bio-composites. Researchers have preferred carbonaceous materials with hydroxyapatite due to their inherent biocompatibility and good structural properties. It has been demonstrated that different structures of carbonaceous material can be used to improve the fracture toughness of HAp, as they can easily serve the purpose of being a second phase reinforcement, with the resulting composite still being a biocompatible material. Nanostructured carbonaceous structures, especially those in the form of fibres and sheets, were found to be very effective in increasing the fracture toughness values of HAp. Minor addition of CNTs (3 wt.%) has resulted in a more than 200% increase in fracture toughness of hydroxyapatite-nanorods/CNTs made using spark plasma sintering. This paper presents a current review of the research field of using different carbonaceous materials composited with hydroxyapatite with the intent being to produce high performance biomedically targeted materials.

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Porosity distribution affecting mechanical and biological behaviour of hydroxyapatite bioceramic composites

Cited by 28 publications

References 30 publications

Mechanical Properties of Porous Ceramics

Mechanical Properties of Porous Ceramics

Forsterite/nano-biogenic hydroxyapatite composites for biomedical applications

A Review on the Use of Hydroxyapatite-Carbonaceous Structure Composites in Bone Replacement Materials for Strengthening Purposes

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