Porous alumina ceramic scaffolds with biomimetic macro/micro-porous structure using three-dimensional (3-D) ceramic/camphene-based extrusion

Preparation of porous Al2O3 ceramics by starch consolidation casting method

“…In particular, porous alumina ceramics—as one of the most popular oxide ceramics—have been used for a wide range of applications, including: separation materials, membranes, and implantable bioceramics . Nowadays, it has been prepared by various methods, including: freeze‐casting, chemical foams method, extrusion molding, and pore‐forming agent method .…”

“…In particular, porous alumina ceramics-as one of the most popular oxide ceramics-have been used for a wide range of applications, [6][7][8][9] including: separation materials, 10,11 membranes, 12 and implantable bioceramics. 13,14 Nowadays, it has been prepared by various methods, including: freezecasting, 15 chemical foams method, 16 extrusion molding, 17 and pore-forming agent method. [18][19][20][21][22] Among these techniques, the pore-forming agent method is one of the frequently used methods to fabricate porous ceramics with a controlled microstructure (porosity and pore size).…”

3D Printing of Emulsions and Foams into Hierarchical Porous Ceramics

“…Although most of the ceramic 3D printing research has focused on the fabrication of dense parts or scaffolds with densely packed filaments, DIW has recently been combined with other ceramic processing techniques for the development of hierarchical porous structures. In one particular example, the fabrication of scaffolds with porous filaments was achieved by combining DIW and freeze casting . Frozen alumina/camphene suspensions have been extruded into cellular structures and subsequently freeze dried, resulting in a macroporous alumina scaffold with interconnected and elongated pores within the filaments.…”

“…Frozen alumina/camphene suspensions have been extruded into cellular structures and subsequently freeze dried, resulting in a macroporous alumina scaffold with interconnected and elongated pores within the filaments. Accordingly, hierarchical porous alumina scaffolds with overall porosity in the range 67–77% and respective compressive strength varying from 9.5 to 29.3 MPa have been prepared . Since the porosity within the filaments is induced by solvent removal, this approach leads mainly to open porous anisotropic structures.…”

The lure of ice-templating: Recent trends and opportunities for porous materials

“…It is possible to quickly master the basics of ice-templating and rapidly get started. Finally, we can combine ice-templating with other materials processing and shaping routes such as foaming [38], tape-casting [39], spraying [40], extrusion [41], co-extrusion [42], or additive manufacturing [43,44]. These combinations make it possible to achieve more complex, hierarchical architectures.…”