“…These countries have formulated long-term national strategies between 2018 and 2020 to attain specific objectives (Hosseini 2022;Chanchetti et al 2020). Examples of this are that Japan endorsed its Basic Hydrogen Energy Strategy in 2017, South Korea devised a new roadmap for hydrogen energy in 2018, China published the White Paper on hydrogen energy in 2019, Australia implemented a national strategy, and the European Union adopted the European Hydrogen Strategy for 2050 in 2020 (Khomamatovich et al 2022;Solovyev et al 2019).…”