Porous Se@SiO₂ nanospheres treated paraquat-induced acute lung injury by resisting oxidative stress

Abstract

Acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning is one of the most common forms of pesticide poisoning. Oxidative stress and inflammation are thought to be important mechanisms in PQ-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Selenium (Se) can scavenge intracellular free radicals directly or indirectly. In this study, we investigated whether porous Se@SiO 2 nanospheres could alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation in PQ-induced ALI. Male Sprague Dawley rats and RLE-6TN cells were used in this study. Rats were categorized into 3 groups: control (n=6), PQ (n=18), and PQ + Se@SiO 2 (n=18). The PQ and PQ + Se@SiO 2 groups were randomly and evenly divided into 3 sub-groups according to different time points (24, 48 and 72 h) after PQ treatment. Porous Se@SiO 2 nanospheres 1 mg/kg (in the PQ + Se@SiO 2 group) were administered via intraperitoneal injection every 24 h. Expression levels of reduced glutathione, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, reactive oxygen species (ROS), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), phosphorylated NF-κB (p-NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β were detected, and a histological analysis of rat lung tissues was performed. The results showed that the levels of ROS, malondialdehyde, NF-κB, p-NF-κB, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β were markedly increased after PQ treatment. Glutathione and superoxide dismutase levels were reduced. However, treatment with porous Se@SiO 2 nanospheres markedly alleviated PQ-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Additionally, the results from histological examinations and wet-to-dry weight ratios of rat lung tissues showed that lung damage was reduced after porous Se@SiO 2 nanosphere treatment. These data indicate that porous Se@SiO 2 nanospheres may reduce NF-κB, p-NF-κB and inflammatory cytokine levels by inhibiting ROS in PQ-induced ALI. This study demonstrates that porous Se@SiO 2 nanospheres may be a therapeutic method for use in the future for PQ poisoning.

<p>Mitochondria-Modulating Porous Se@SiO₂ Nanoparticles Provide Resistance to Oxidative Injury in Airway Epithelial Cells: Implications for Acute Lung Injury</p>

“…This new developed nanodevice has proved to effectively restrain excessive oxidative stress in several disease models. [22][23][24]26 Accordingly, we speculated that the antioxidant effect of our Se@SiO 2 NPs was achieved by modulating mitochondria dysfunction. In the current study, we found the porous Se@SiO 2 NPs, accumulated beside mitochondria, could maintain their ROS-scavenging activity, as well as ameliorate mitochondrial dynamics, thus protecting AECs from LPS-induced acute injury (Figure 8).…”

“…In previous studies, porous Se@SiO 2 NPs have been reported to combat oxidative stress in several disease models due to the slow-released Se. 22,24,26 Herein, we assessed the effect of 10 μg/mL Se@SiO 2 on LPS-induced oxidative damage in Beas-2B cells firstly. Cells pretreated with NPs produced less ROS in response to 10 ng/mL LPS than those without Se@SiO 2 pretreatment ( Figure 2A).…”

“…The novel nanodevice released Se slowly and sustainably and was reported to attenuate oxidative stress in several disease models. [22][23][24] As is well known, mitochondrial dysfunction is the major source of ROS overload. 4 Therefore, we hypothesized that the porous Se@SiO 2 NPs might alleviate oxidant injury in ALI/ ARDS via modulating mitochondrial dysfunction.…”

Porous Se@SiO₂ nanocomposites protect the femoral head from methylprednisolone-induced osteonecrosis

“…In diseases that need MPS treatments, such as ARDS, oxidative stress is thought of as the initiating and the main mechanism. 24 SOD and GSH are the principal endogenous antioxidants, which effectively remove the superoxide anion, reduce the oxidative response, and inhibit subsequent acute inflammatory response. 25,26 Our study showed that Se@SiO 2 has the same therapeutic effects in LPS-induced ARDS model as in paraquat-induced ARDS.…”

Se@SiO2 nanocomposites suppress microglia-mediated reactive oxygen species during spinal cord injury in rats

“…The concentration of porous Se@SiO 2 nanocomposites was selected according to our previous research. 41,42 Se@SiO 2 (1 mg kg À1 , 10 ml) or 10 ml NS was administered gently into the restrained conscious rats by using a microinjector (Gaoge, Shanghai, China) attached to the intrathecal catheter within 2 min, followed by a ush with 20 ml NS. Se@SiO 2 and the vehicle were administered immediately following SCI and daily aer surgery.…”