Porphyrin and single atom featured reticular materials: recent advances and future perspective of solar-driven CO<sub>2</sub>reduction

Gopalakrishnan, Vishnu Nair; Becerra, Jorge; Pena, Edward; Sakar, M.; Béland, François; Do, Trong‐On

doi:10.1039/d1gc02439f

Cited by 48 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 257 publications

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“…It is worth reiterating that the incorporation of metal SAs into a semiconductor modifies its energy band structure (VB and CB positions); thus, the energy band levels of semiconducting support can be modified to promote a specific redox reaction. [159] For example, Jin et al conducted a theoretical study on the effect of incorporating metal SAs in TiO 2 , they found that it changes the CB minimum and VB maximum of TiO 2 . [160,161] According to their study, the CB minimum of TiO 2 and c) PDOS of CO 2 and adsorption sites in Au SA /Cd 1-x S; and CO 2 adsorption on d) pristine CdS 1-x and e) Au SA /CdS 1-x , and f) PDOS of CO 2 and adsorption sites in Au SA /CdS 1-x .…”

Section: Role Of H 2 O Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sacs For Photocatalytic Co2 Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Single‐Atom Catalysts (SACs) for Photocatalytic CO₂ Reduction with H₂O: Activity, Product Selectivity, Stability, and Surface Chemistry

Hiragond

Powar

Lee

et al. 2022

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electrochemical, [7][8][9] thermo-, [10,11] and biocatalysis. [12,13] Converting CO 2 using readily available sunlight and water is one of the most promising strategies due to the following advantages: i) it utilizes solar light, a renewable energy, to drive the reduction of CO 2 , ii) it can convert CO 2 into valuable carbonaceous products like CO, CH 4 , C 2 H 6 , and CH 3 OH, iii) it operates under atmospheric conditions, iv) it is a controllable process, and v) it is scalable for industrial application. [14,15] Thus, converting undesirable CO 2 into value-added chemicals using artificial photosynthesis is a plausible way to address the current environmental and energy issues associated with the burning of fossil fuels. [16] Given the significance of photocatalytic CO 2 conversion, researchers have extensively researched various catalysts, such as metal oxides, alloys, chalcogenides, carbon-based structures, organic polymers, inorganic complexes, and MXenes. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] However, low productivity, poor product selectivity, poor long-term stability, sluggish mechanisms, and economic unviability limit the application of these conventional catalysts. Furthermore, the solar to fuel conversion efficiency of most reported catalysts is less than 1%, which is insufficient for large-scale applications. Accordingly, the need for high-performance and economically viable catalysts has prompted research organizations to design and synthesize a range of materials that can advance CO 2 reduction technology and its commercial viability.It has been recognized that the downsizing of nanoparticles (NPs) of a catalyst exposes more active sites, leading to the optimization of its electronic properties. [27] Recently, catalysts based on size-and shape-controlled, atomically dispersed metals have garnered the attention of the scientific community for various energy and environmental applications. [28,29] Single-atom (SA) catalysts (SACs) are obtained once the size and aggregation of metal particles are reduced to isolated metal atoms, which form low coordination states and enable the use of almost 100% of active metal sites; the electronic properties of metal SAs differ from those of corresponding bulk materials. [30,31] In nature, the magnesium porphyrin complex in chlorophyll has an SA-like structure necessary for photosynthesis; the iron porphyrin complex in cytochrome has a similar SA-like structure which plays a vital role in the molecular transfer of CO 2 . [32][33][34] In recent years, single-atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted the interest of researchers owing to their suitability for various catalytic applications. For instance, their optoelectronic features, site-specific activity, and costeffectiveness make SACs ideal for photocatalytic CO 2 reduction. The activity, product selectivity, and photostability of SACs depend on various factors such as the nature of the metal/support material, the interaction between the metal atoms and support, light-harvesting ability, charge separation behavior, ...

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Section: Role Of H 2 O Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sacs For Photocatalytic Co2 Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single‐Atom Catalysts (SACs) for Photocatalytic CO₂ Reduction with H₂O: Activity, Product Selectivity, Stability, and Surface Chemistry

Hiragond

Powar

Lee

et al. 2022

Small

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show abstract

“…After the electronic equilibrium is established at the interface, the photogenerated electrons in the semiconductor will pass through the Schottky barrier and transfer to the metal particles ( Gao et al., 2020a ). This charge transfer behavior across the metal-semiconductor interface can be inherited by the SAPs ( Gao et al., 2020a ; Gopalakrishnan et al., 2021 ). It was demonstrated that, when the metal SAs were contacted with the semiconductor substrate, efficient charge transfer behaviors could be expected due to the interfacial barrier ( Meng et al., 2019 ; Wang et al., 2019a ).…”

Section: Current Research Progress On Sapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Considering single-atom catalysts as photocatalysts from synthesis to application

2022

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“…On the other hand, the derivatized porphyrins can be used as building blocks to construct porous polymers, such as coordination polymers and porous organic polymers (POPs) [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. The above-mentioned factors are meaningful to effectively modulate the catalytic features of porphyrins, making them excellent candidate catalysts for many processes, such as organic chemical reactions, ORR, HER, CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR), and of course, OER [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Porphyrin-Based Systems for Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Yao

Wang

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) plays a pivotal role in the development of renewable energy methods, such as water-splitting devices and the use of Zn–air batteries. First-row transition metal complexes are promising catalyst candidates due to their excellent electrocatalytic performance, rich abundance, and cheap price. Metalloporphyrins are a class of representative high-efficiency complex catalysts owing to their structural and functional characteristics. However, OER based on porphyrin systems previously have been paid little attention in comparison to the well-described oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), hydrogen evolution reaction, and CO2 reduction reaction. Recently, porphyrin-based systems, including both small molecules and porous polymers for electrochemical OER, are emerging. Accordingly, this review summarizes the recent advances of porphyrin-based systems for electrochemical OER. Firstly, the electrochemical OER for water oxidation is discussed, which shows various methodologies to achieve catalysis from homogeneous to heterogeneous processes. Subsequently, the porphyrin-based catalytic systems for bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis including both OER and ORR are demonstrated. Finally, the future development of porphyrin-based catalytic systems for electrochemical OER is briefly prospected.

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Porphyrin and single atom featured reticular materials: recent advances and future perspective of solar-driven CO₂reduction

Abstract: The release of large volumes of anthropogenic CO2 coupled with growing exploitation of fossil fuels has led to very serious issues such as global warming and energy crisis in the...

Cited by 48 publications

References 257 publications

Single‐Atom Catalysts (SACs) for Photocatalytic CO₂ Reduction with H₂O: Activity, Product Selectivity, Stability, and Surface Chemistry

Single‐Atom Catalysts (SACs) for Photocatalytic CO₂ Reduction with H₂O: Activity, Product Selectivity, Stability, and Surface Chemistry

Considering single-atom catalysts as photocatalysts from synthesis to application

Recent Advances in Porphyrin-Based Systems for Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution Reaction

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Porphyrin and single atom featured reticular materials: recent advances and future perspective of solar-driven CO2reduction

Abstract: The release of large volumes of anthropogenic CO2 coupled with growing exploitation of fossil fuels has led to very serious issues such as global warming and energy crisis in the...

Cited by 48 publications

References 257 publications

Single‐Atom Catalysts (SACs) for Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction with H2O: Activity, Product Selectivity, Stability, and Surface Chemistry

Single‐Atom Catalysts (SACs) for Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction with H2O: Activity, Product Selectivity, Stability, and Surface Chemistry

Considering single-atom catalysts as photocatalysts from synthesis to application

Recent Advances in Porphyrin-Based Systems for Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution Reaction

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Product

Resources

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Porphyrin and single atom featured reticular materials: recent advances and future perspective of solar-driven CO₂reduction

Single‐Atom Catalysts (SACs) for Photocatalytic CO₂ Reduction with H₂O: Activity, Product Selectivity, Stability, and Surface Chemistry

Single‐Atom Catalysts (SACs) for Photocatalytic CO₂ Reduction with H₂O: Activity, Product Selectivity, Stability, and Surface Chemistry