Porphyromonas canoris sp. nov., an Asaccharolytic, Black-Pigmented Species from the Gingival Sulcus of Dogs

Abstract

A new species, Porphyromonas canoris, is proposed for black-pigmented asaccharolytic strains isolated from subgingival plaque samples from dogs with naturally occurring periodontal disease. This bacterium is an obligately anaerobic, nonmotile, non-spore-forming, gram-negative, rod-shaped organism. On laked rabbit blood or sheep blood agar plates, colonies are light brown to greenish brown after 2 to 4 days of incubation and dark brown after 14 days of incubation. Colonies on egg yolk agar and on nonhemolyzed sheep blood agar are orange. The cells do not grow in the presence of 20% bile and have a guanine-plus-cytosine content of 49 to 51 mol%. The type strain is VPB 4878 (= NCTC 12835). The average levels of DNA-DNA hybridization between P. canoris strains and other members of the genus Porphyromonas are as follows: Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277T (T = type strain), 6.5%; Porphyromonas gingivalis cat strain VPB 3492, 5%; Porphyromonas endodontalis ATCC 35406T, 1%; Porphyromonas salivosa NCTC 1 1362T, 5%; and Porphyromonas circumdentaria NCTC 12469T, 6%. The level of hybridization between P. canoris NCTC 12835T DNA and Porphyromonas asaccharolytica ATCC 25260T DNA is 3%. P. canoris cells produce major amounts of acetic, propionic, isovaleric, and succinic acids and minor amounts of isobutyric and butyric acids as end products of metabolism in cooked meat medium. The major cellular fatty acid is 13-methyltetradecanoic acid (iso-C15:o). Glutamate and malate dehydrogenases are present, as are glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity (65.7 nmol mg of protein-' min-') and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activity (63.0 nmol mg of protein-' min-'). P. canoris cells do not agglutinate sheep erythrocytes but exhibit brick red fluorescence at 265 nm and produce catalase.During our investigation of the subgingival flora of 16 family-owned dogs with naturally occurring periodontitis, strictly anaerobic, nonsporing, gram-negative, asaccharolytic, rod-shaped organisms were found frequently (10,19,20). The results of morphological, biochemical, and API ZYM enzyme analyses placed several groups of these organisms in the genus Porphyromonas and DNA-DNA hybridization tests performed by using dot blot assays (12) showed that some of these organisms exhibited homology with either Porphyromonas gingivalis or Porphyromonas salivosa (unpublished data). However, the members of one group, which included 12 of the 259 phenotypically characterized isolates, did not hybridize in the DNA-DNA dot blot assay with any of the currently recognized species in the genus Porphyromonas. However, these strains had a range of characteristics which suggested that they could legitimately belong to the genus Porphyromonas. In this paper, we describe the results of DNA homology studies, a cellular fatty acid analysis, and an allozyme electrophoresis analysis and propose a new species, Porphyromonas canoris. MATERIALS AND METHODSBacterial strains. A total of 5 of the 12 strains described previously (10) as members of group C2 were examined in more d...

Culture-Independent Identification of Periodontitis-Associated Porphyromonas and Tannerella Populations by Targeted Molecular Analysis

“…Representatives of all of the named species of human oral origin, P. endodontalis, P. gingivalis, P. catoniae, and T. forsythensis, were detected. Of the others, P. asaccharolytica is found at human nonoral sites (3); P. canis, P. cansulci, P. canoris, and P. cangingivalis are found in dogs (12,22); P. salivosa and P. circumdentaria are found in cats (21); P. macacae is from macaques (3); P. levii is found in cattle (14); and P. gulae is found in a range of animal species (7). Although P. salivosa and P. macacae were originally isolated from cats and macaques, respectively, they have been shown to be the same species; the name P. macacae has precedence (20).…”

Butyricimonas synergistica gen. nov., sp. nov. and Butyricimonas virosa sp. nov., butyric acid-producing bacteria in the family 'Porphyromonadaceae' isolated from rat faeces

“…The DNA G+C content of the type strain is 46.5 mol%. Hofstad et al (2000), Lawson et al (2002), Love et al (1992Love et al ( , 1994, Sakamoto & Benno (2006), Sakamoto et al (2002Sakamoto et al ( , 2007, Summanen et al (2005), Ueki et al (2006) and this study. NT, Not tested; +, positive; -, negative; UASB, upflow anaerobic sludge blanket.…”

Isolamento e identificação da microbiota periodontal de cães da raça Pastor Alemão

“…A diferenciação entre certas espécies de Porphyromonas produtoras de colônias com pigmentação negra, freqüentemente isoladas de cães, como P. canoris, P. cangingivalis, P. cansulci, P. gingivicanis e P. crevioricanis (COLLINS et al,1994;HIRASAWA & TAKADA, 1994;LOVE et al, 1994) e Fusobacterium nucleatum/necrophorum não foi realizada devido a limitações metodológicas. Segundo os dados mostrados nas Tabelas 1, 2 e 3, a maior parte das espécies encontradas esteve presente tanto nos sítios saudáveis quanto nos lesados, indicando que estas espécies pertencem à microbiota indígena do sulco gengival dos cães, como nos humanos.…”