Portable rhizotron and color scanner system for monitoring root development

Pan, Wei‐Jian; Bolton, R. P.; Lundquist, E. J.; Hiller, Larry K.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-5270-9_64

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…They concluded that core-break method and trench profile methods delivered no reliable data for comparing rooting intensities between soils and between different crops. Newer and more sophisticated techniques such as automated imaging analyses (Dowdy et al 1998), portable minirhizotron, color scanner system (Pan et al 1998), and image analysis (Kimura et al 1999) are also used for the estimation of root growth, mass and length measurements. However, these have not been widely accepted due to the requirement of expensive equipment and/or special skills.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of biomass to the addition of water, nitrogen and phosphorus in Keerqin sandy grassland, Inner Mongolia, China

Zeng

Jiang

et al. 2009

Journal of Forestry Research

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The effects of water, nitrogen and phosphorus on productivity of sandy grassland were investigated with a fully factorial experiment to find out the main factors limiting natural restoration of grassland productivity in the southeastern Keerqin sandy land. In total, eight treatments were designed as water addition (W), nitrogen fertilizer addition (N), phosphorus fertilizer addition (P), water + nitrogen fertilizer addition (WN), water + phosphorus fertilizer addition (WP), nitrogen fertilizer + phosphorus fertilizer addition (NP), water + nitrogen fertilizer + phosphorus fertilizer addition (WNP) and control (CK). Each treatment was replicated six times and randomly assigned to 48 plots (4 m × 4 m) that were separated by a 2-m buffer. Results show that restoration of productivity is only limited by nitrogen factor for sandy grassland of Keerqin sandy land and not limited by water and phosphorus. Relative to CK plots, the biomass and the aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) of all the plots added with nitrogen fertilizer were significantly enhanced (P < 0.05) in 2005 growing season.Grass root mass is dominant in underground biomass. The present study possibly underestimates net primary productivity of grassland in northern China, due to limitation of underground biomass measurements.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of biomass to the addition of water, nitrogen and phosphorus in Keerqin sandy grassland, Inner Mongolia, China

Zeng

Jiang

et al. 2009

Journal of Forestry Research

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“…Methodological imperfection such as over and under estimation of detected areas (RingroseVoase 1991; Pan et al 1998) or inclusion of background objects (Heeraman et al 1993) were minimized by the definition of suitable thresholds. Hence, the visualization and detection technique applied in this study allows an improved analysis of the oxidized and reduced areas of the soil in terms of their development in space and time (Fig.…”

Section: Image Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many different methods, such as sketching, microscoping, photographing, and videotaping have been applied for the documentation of the development of the root-zone (Böhm 1979;Rutherford and Curran 1981;Rasse et al 2000;Wenzel et al 2001). Recently, the application of flat bed scanners attached to glass walls or external rhizotrons was proven as a highquality method taking images with high resolution from rhizotrons (Pan et al 1998;Kuchenbuch and Ingram 2002). Constantly improved image analysis software allow extensive automatic evaluation of these images such as root length (Doty et al 1994;Vamerali et al 1999;Devienne-Barret et al 2006;Pietola and Smucker 2006), soil porosity (Dathe et al 2001;Bruneau et al 2004) or soil moisture (Kuchenbuch and Ingram 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of root growth and redox conditions in paddy soil rhizotrons by redox electrodes and image analysis

2010

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The root-zone of wetland rice was monitored in a paddy soil throughout a vegetation period with the aid of a rhizotron experiment. For this purpose (a) digital images of the root-zone were taken daily, and (b) the redox potential was measured in situ every day. The images were processed by image analysis in order to display areas of oxidation and reduction in the soil. Therefore, thresholds were set to simplify the localization and quantification of discrete areas which were colourized due to the redox potential. Both, images and measured redox potentials, provide the basis for the visualization of the root and redox dynamics in the root-zone. The anaerobic root-zone of flooded paddy soils is significantly influenced by the aerenchymal transport of oxygen to rice roots. The release of oxygen into the rhizosphere, which causes different patterns of oxidized and reduced areas in the course of the vegetation period, also affects microbial communities such as methane producing archaea or methane oxidizing bacteria. The visualization of redox dynamics may, therefore, be useful to localize potential hotspots for the microorganisms in the root-zone of paddy soils. The reduced and oxidized conditions changed spatiotemporally. Oxidized areas were mostly found in the surrounding of active roots and in a distinct layer next to the soil surface. Reduced areas shifted from beneath the oxidized surface layer into sparsely-rooted soil. The ratio of the analyzed oxidized and reduced areas was oscillating with increasing intensity throughout the monitored vegetation period.

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“…Further evaluation of the method would be required to assess its potential in other herbaceous communities that are more diverse and structurally complex or that occur on different colored soils. Where distinguishing plant from soil is a problem, we suggest the trial of discrimination parameters using primary color values or intensity measures (Pan et al 1998) or the use of wavelengths beyond the visible range such as infra-red.…”

Section: All Observations Cover Class (%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Journal of Range Management, Volume 53, Number 6 (November 2000)

2000

REM

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Portable rhizotron and color scanner system for monitoring root development

Cited by 17 publications

References 15 publications

Responses of biomass to the addition of water, nitrogen and phosphorus in Keerqin sandy grassland, Inner Mongolia, China

Responses of biomass to the addition of water, nitrogen and phosphorus in Keerqin sandy grassland, Inner Mongolia, China

Monitoring of root growth and redox conditions in paddy soil rhizotrons by redox electrodes and image analysis

Journal of Range Management, Volume 53, Number 6 (November 2000)

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