Position-dependent and millimetre-range photodetection in phototransistors with micrometre-scale graphene on SiC

Sarker, Biddut K.; Cazalas, Edward; Chung, Ting-Fung; Childres, Isaac; Jovanovic, Igor; Chen, Yong P.

doi:10.1038/nnano.2017.46

Cited by 59 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The hypothesis that Pτ represents the amount of energy conserved in lightmatter interaction was revealed to be also effective in the interaction of light with capacitors [1], field effect transistors [7] [8] [9], and, through our analysis, in the photothermoelectric effect excited by visible light and microwaves [2] [5]. We were able to reach the same conclusion in the investigation of infrared spectroscopy [10] and in vision in vertebrates [11].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

The Role of <i>P&tau;</i> in the Photothermoelectric Effect and in Photoredox Catalysis Reactions

Scarel¹

2019

WJCMP

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Context and Background: Recent research has shown that the amount of energy conserved in light-matter interaction is given by the product of light's power P times its period τ , i.e. Pτ. To date, evidences of the validity of such finding are restricted to the interaction of light with capacitors, infrared spectroscopy, and vision in vertebrates. Motivation: In this article, we want to explore the validity of the role of Pτ in a broader range of phenomena. Hypothesis: We assume that the photothermoelectric (PTE) effect and photoredox catalysis reactions (PCRs) are manifestations of light-matter interaction and therefore have Pτ conserved in the process. Method: We take the data published in two articles, one on the PTE effect and the other on PCRs and revisit the data analysis of the authors of the original articles considering Pτ as the energy conserved. Results: In the case of the PTE effect, we unveil that the size of the light's beam cross-sectional area impinging on the photodetectors plays a major role in defining the performance of the photodetectors. With our analysis, the photodetector responsivities actually turn out to be higher than those reported in the original article. In the case of the PCRs, we find that the magnitude of Pτ involved in successful PCRs is independent of the type of light used, whether near-infrared or blue. In addition, the involvement of Pτ in the description of PCRs helps to clarify the role of the law of conservation of energy, which was neglected by the authors of the original article. Conclusions: From this study, we infer that the hypothesis that Pτ represents the amount of energy conserved in light-matter interaction is valid and general, useful to measure device performance, and predict alternative processes to achieve desired outcomes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

The Role of <i>P&tau;</i> in the Photothermoelectric Effect and in Photoredox Catalysis Reactions

Scarel¹

2019

WJCMP

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“…[20], seems very small. Indeed, for comparison, we recall that an energy of ~50 meV transmitted by visible light with P W µ to electrons in semiconductors is sufficient to cause each one of them to jump from shallow donor levels to the conduction band [21]. This amount of energy is small but consistent with the fact that the mass of one electron is about four orders of magnitude smaller than the mass of a He atom.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

The Effect of Infrared Light’s Power on the Infrared Spectra of Thin Films

Scarel¹,

Stevens²

2019

WJCMP

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There are numerous evidences that a relationship exists between the average power P of electromagnetic waves and the mechanical motion of the objects interacting with them. We investigate the effects of infrared (IR) light's average power P on the transmission Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of thin cubic Yb 2 O 3 and rhombohedral LaAlO 3 films deposited on silicon via atomic layer deposition. We find that different values of P of the IR light displace the minima of the absorption bands. This effect is reproducible in different sets of experiments and in different spectrometers. To interpret the experimental findings, we use the law of conservation of energy. We find a correlation among the energy of the IR waves and the number, moment of inertia, and vibrational/rotational frequency of the bonds involved in the vibrational or rotational motion. The law of conservation of energy unveils that larger values of P of the IR light and lower wavenumbers of the resonances involve a larger number of crystal bonds. One practical application of our approach is that it suggests a way to improve the sensitivity of the FTIR spectra of thin crystalline films in the far IR region.

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“…In addition, for the purposes of eye safety and concealment, the infrared light is the routine operating wavelength for sensing systems, which is also a bottleneck for PSD based on these structures due to the weak light absorption and lack of gain. Recently, by virtue of the excellent properties, various two-dimensional materials have been employed to fabricate PSDs and some new structures were proposed [11][12][13][14][15][16]. In our previous studies, we designed a graphene-based PSD using interfacial amplification [15], and its detection limit power can be reduced to nw level by introducing gain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasensitive graphene position-sensitive detector induced by synergistic effects of charge injection and interfacial gating

Wang

Sun

et al. 2020

Nanophotonics

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AbstractPosition-sensitive detectors (PSDs) are essential components to the realization of displacement and vibration detection, optical remote control, robot vision, etc. The light sensitivity of PSDs is a crucial parameter, which determines the operating range or detection accuracy of the measurement systems. Here, we devise an ultrasensitive PSD based on graphene/Si hybrid structure by using the synergistic effect of charge injection and interfacial gating. Photogenerated carriers in Si are separated by the built-in electric field at the surface. Holes diffuse laterally in inversion layer and then inject into graphene to form photoresponse. Meanwhile, the electrons in bulk Si that move to the area under graphene cause a gating effect, thus introducing a high gain. With the benefit of synergistic effect, the detection limit power of our device can be pushed to pW level, which is reduced by two orders of magnitude compared to previously reported graphene based PSD. Furthermore, even for infrared light of 1064 nm, the PSD still retains position sensitivity to 1 nW weak light, as well as fast response speed at the μs level. This work provides the potential of graphene as a promising material for ultraweak light position sensitive detection.

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Position-dependent and millimetre-range photodetection in phototransistors with micrometre-scale graphene on SiC

Cited by 59 publications

References 41 publications

The Role of <i>P&tau;</i> in the Photothermoelectric Effect and in Photoredox Catalysis Reactions

The Role of <i>P&tau;</i> in the Photothermoelectric Effect and in Photoredox Catalysis Reactions

The Effect of Infrared Light’s Power on the Infrared Spectra of Thin Films

Ultrasensitive graphene position-sensitive detector induced by synergistic effects of charge injection and interfacial gating

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Position-dependent and millimetre-range photodetection in phototransistors with micrometre-scale graphene on SiC

Cited by 59 publications

References 41 publications

The Role of &lt;i&gt;P&amp;tau;&lt;/i&gt; in the Photothermoelectric Effect and in Photoredox Catalysis Reactions

The Role of &lt;i&gt;P&amp;tau;&lt;/i&gt; in the Photothermoelectric Effect and in Photoredox Catalysis Reactions

The Effect of Infrared Light’s Power on the Infrared Spectra of Thin Films

Ultrasensitive graphene position-sensitive detector induced by synergistic effects of charge injection and interfacial gating

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The Role of <i>Pτ</i> in the Photothermoelectric Effect and in Photoredox Catalysis Reactions

The Role of <i>Pτ</i> in the Photothermoelectric Effect and in Photoredox Catalysis Reactions