Positive and Negative Impacts of Biochar on Microbial Diversity

Javed, Muhammad Ammar; Khan, Muhammad Nauman; Ali, Baber; Wahab, Sana; Din, Israr Ud; Razak, Sarah Abdul

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-26983-7_14

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…Drastic shifts in environmental regimes are becoming a hindrance in achieving the growing demand of food and acquiring sustainable agriculture. , Climatic changes lead to fluctuations in temperature, droughts, floods, and other environmental calamities, eventually leading to decrease crop productivity . The abiotic stresses such as drought, extreme temperature, frost, heavy metals, − and salinity , severely impair plant growth and productivity worldwide. , Drought, being the most important environmental stress, severely damages plant growth and development .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed Priming Modulates Physiological and Agronomic Attributes of Maize (Zea mays L.) under Induced Polyethylene Glycol Osmotic Stress

Kakar,

Ullah,

Shah

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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Drought and osmotic stresses are major threats to agricultural crops as they affect plants during their life cycle. The seeds are more susceptible to these stresses during germination and establishment of seedlings. To cope with these abiotic stresses, various seed priming techniques have broadly been used. The present study aimed to assess seed priming techniques under osmotic stress. Osmo-priming with chitosan (1 and 2%), hydro-priming with distilled water, and thermo-priming at 4 °C were used on the physiology and agronomy of Zea mays L. under polyethylene glycol (PEG-4000)-induced osmotic stress (−0.2 and −0.4 MPa). The vegetative response, osmolyte content, and antioxidant enzymes of two varieties (Pearl and Sargodha 2002 White) were studied under induced osmotic stress. The results showed that seed germination and seedling growth were inhibited under osmotic stress and germination percentage, and the seed vigor index was enhanced in both varieties of Z. mays L. with chitosan osmo-priming. Osmo-priming with chitosan and hydro-priming with distilled water modulated the level of photosynthetic pigments and proline, which were reduced under induced osmotic stress; moreover, the activities of antioxidant enzymes were improved significantly. In conclusion, osmotic stress adversely affects the growth and physiological attributes; on the contrary, seed priming ameliorated the stress tolerance resistance of Z. mays L. cultivars to PEG-induced osmotic stress by activating the natural antioxidation enzymatic system and accumulating osmolytes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed Priming Modulates Physiological and Agronomic Attributes of Maize (Zea mays L.) under Induced Polyethylene Glycol Osmotic Stress

Kakar,

Ullah,

Shah

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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“…Biochar-integrated practices in agricultural management systems promote properties of soil and crop production and protect the environment from pollution . The soil chemical characteristics are also affected by the addition of biochar in a more complex way, which helps reduce the erosion loss . Biochar application could maintain the soil pH in an acidic soil condition and absorb more cations .…”

Section: P Loss By Soil Erosion and Its Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 57 The soil chemical characteristics are also affected by the addition of biochar in a more complex way, which helps reduce the erosion loss. 58 Biochar application could maintain the soil pH in an acidic soil condition and absorb more cations. 59 Major nutrient losses from maize cultivation were associated with decreased land cover with increased soil deposit transport.…”

Section: P Loss By Soil Erosion and Its Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Global Dilemma of Soil Legacy Phosphorus and Its Improvement Strategies under Recent Changes in Agro-Ecosystem Sustainability

et al. 2023

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Phosphorus (P) is one of the six key elements in plant nutrition and effectively plays a vital role in all major metabolic activities. It is an essential nutrient for plants linked to human food production. Although abundantly present in both organic and inorganic forms in soil, more than 40% of cultivated soils are commonly deficient in P concentration. Then, the P inadequacy is a challenge to a sustainable farming system to improve the food production for an increasing population. It is expected that the whole world population will rise to 9 billion by 2050 and, therefore, it is necessary at the same time for agricultural strategies broadly to expand food production up to 80% to 90% by handling the global dilemma which has affected the environment by climatic changes. Furthermore, the phosphate rock annually produced about 5 million metric tons of phosphate fertilizers per year. About 9.5 Mt of phosphorus enters human food through crops and animals such as milk, egg, meat, and fish and is then utilized, and 3.5 Mt P is physically consumed by the human population. Various new techniques and current agricultural practices are said to be improving P-deficient environments, which might help meet the food requirements of an increasing population. However, 4.4% and 3.4% of the dry biomass of wheat and chickpea, respectively, were increased under intercropping practices, which was higher than that in the monocropping system. A wide range of studies showed that green manure crops, especially legumes, improve the soil-available P content of the soil. It is noted that inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi could decrease the recommended phosphate fertilizer rate nearly 80%. Agricultural management techniques to improve soil legacy P use by crops include maintaining soil pH by liming, crop rotation, intercropping, planting cover crops, and the consumption of modern fertilizers, in addition to the use of more efficient crop varieties and inoculation with P-solubilizing microorganisms. Therefore, exploring the residual phosphorus in the soil is imperative to reduce the demand for industrial fertilizers while promoting long-term sustainability on a global scale.

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“…Nowadays, genetic engineering, , genotyping, and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPR) are widely being used to mitigate abiotic stresses. , Induction of PGPR is an ecofriendly method to increase salt tolerance and crop yield . Numerous bacterial species have been involved in the reduction of salt stress in plants .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial-Mediated Salinity Stress Tolerance in Maize (Zea mays L.): A Fortunate Way toward Sustainable Agriculture

Ali,

Hafeez,

Afridi

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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Sustainable agriculture is threatened by salinity stress because of the low yield quality and low crop production. Rhizobacteria that promote plant growth modify physiological and molecular pathways to support plant development and reduce abiotic stresses. The recent study aimed to assess the tolerance capacity and impacts of Bacillus sp. PM31 on the growth, physiological, and molecular responses of maize to salinity stress. In comparison to uninoculated plants, the inoculation of Bacillus sp. PM31 improved the agro-morphological traits [shoot length (6%), root length (22%), plant height (16%), fresh weight (39%), dry weight (29%), leaf area (11%)], chlorophyll [Chl a (17%), Chl b (37%), total chl (22%)], carotenoids (15%), proteins (40%), sugars (43%), relative water (11%), flavonoids (22%), phenols (23%), radical scavenging capacity (13%), and antioxidants. The Bacillus sp. PM31-inoculated plants showed a reduction in the oxidative stress indicators [electrolyte leakage (12%), H2O2 (9%), and MDA (32%)] as compared to uninoculated plants under salinity and increased the level of osmolytes [free amino acids (36%), glycine betaine (17%), proline (11%)]. The enhancement of plant growth under salinity was further validated by the molecular profiling of Bacillus sp. PM31. Moreover, these physiological and molecular mechanisms were accompanied by the upregulation of stress-related genes (APX and SOD). Our study found that Bacillus sp. PM31 has a crucial and substantial role in reducing salinity stress through physiological and molecular processes, which may be used as an alternative approach to boost crop production and yield.

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Positive and Negative Impacts of Biochar on Microbial Diversity

Cited by 12 publications

References 141 publications

Seed Priming Modulates Physiological and Agronomic Attributes of Maize (Zea mays L.) under Induced Polyethylene Glycol Osmotic Stress

Seed Priming Modulates Physiological and Agronomic Attributes of Maize (Zea mays L.) under Induced Polyethylene Glycol Osmotic Stress

The Global Dilemma of Soil Legacy Phosphorus and Its Improvement Strategies under Recent Changes in Agro-Ecosystem Sustainability

Bacterial-Mediated Salinity Stress Tolerance in Maize (Zea mays L.): A Fortunate Way toward Sustainable Agriculture

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