Positive impact of Platelet-rich plasma and Platelet-rich fibrin on viability, migration and proliferation of osteoblasts and fibroblasts treated with zoledronic acid

Abstract

Bisphosphonates are frequently used for the antiresorptive treatment in bone metastasis diseases or for osteoporosis. A side effect of this therapy is osteonecrosis of the jaw. This inhibits osteoclast function, but osteoblasts and fibroblasts are also negatively affected in terms of impaired proliferation. Additive local treatment with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) promotes adhesion, proliferation and migration of cells due to high concentrations of growth factors like PDGF, TGF and IGF. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of PRP or PRF on proliferation, migration and viability of osteoblasts and oral fibroblasts, treated with zoledronic acid (ZA). ZA treated fibroblasts and osteoblasts were exposed to PRP/PRF. Cell proliferation, migration and viability were measured using the real-time cell-analyzer assay (RTCA), the scratch assay and the MTT assay. There was a significant increase in closure of the scratch area by PRP/PRF treated osteoblasts (PRP = 40.6%, PRF = 100.0%, NC = 0.0%) as well as fibroblasts (PRP = 100.0%, PRF = 100.0%, NC = 12.7%) in comparison to the group of negative control (all p ≤ 0 . 05 ). Furthermore, the negative effect of ZA on cell migration was generally reduced in both cell lines using PRP/PRF. The viability and proliferation of cells decreased after exposure to ZA, whereas we observed an enhancement of cell viability within 24 hours by application of PRP/PRF in ZA treated cells. The negative effect of ZA on cell proliferation was especially reduced when using PRF. The use of PRF/PRP improves the behavior of ZA-treated cells, but PRF appears to have an advantage in comparison to PRP. This study demonstrates that treatment with PRF/PRP may have positive effects in the therapy of Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (BRONJ).

Effect of platelet-rich fibrin on cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, inflammation, and osteoclastogenesis: a systematic review of in vitro studies

“…There are various methods to identify the impact of PRF on cell migration including the scratch assay [70] and the traditional Boyden chamber approach [71]. Regardless of the method used, PRF increased the migration of neural stem cells [54] along with cells of the mesenchymal lineage isolated from bone [45,64], bone marrow [72], gingiva [38,64,36], apical papilla [30], and skin [65,48]. Similarly, endothelial cells responded to PRF with an increased migration [63,72,41].…”

Electrospinning With Lyophilized Platelet-Rich Fibrin Has the Potential to Enhance the Proliferation and Osteogenesis of MC3T3-E1 Cells

“…To overcome the disadvantages such as coagulopathies and allergic reactions after addition of bovine thrombin, PRF as the second generation of platelet products was developed. In fact, previous report demonstrated that PRF presents better capacity than PRP to alleviate the negative effect of drugs on the proliferation, migration, and viability of osteoblasts and oral fibroblasts as expect (Steller et al, 2019). However, PRF also has several limitations, not the least of which is that it requires the preparation for immediate use (Morris, 2005;Choukroun et al, 2006).…”

Novel applications of platelet concentrates in tissue regeneration (Review)

“…This side-effect may be ascribed to cytotoxic effects on osteoblasts, which may prevent cells from proliferating, adhering and migrating ( 79 , 80 ). Owing to the impact of GF in platelet concentrates in terms of promoting the settlement, adhesion, proliferation and migration of osteoblasts, Steller et al ( 81 ) combined bisphosphonates with platelet concentrates to preserve the activity of osteoblasts. Different types of platelet concentrates may be able to inhibit bisphosphonates on different levels.…”

“…First, the release of GF from PRP occurs more rapidly than that of PRF due to the natural scaffold in PRF. Furthermore, a higher concentration of leukocytes in PRF may positively influence cell proliferation and migration, although the function of leukocytes is disputed ( 81 ). The plant-derived stilbenoid resveratrol has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and bone-protective properties ( 82 ).…”

“…Reasonable combinations of platelet concentrates with drugs may reduce side effects and enhance the effects of drugs due to the mutual effects between drugs and cytokines in platelet concentrates ( 81 , 83-85 ). Furthermore, the fibrin matrix scaffold may serve as carriers for drugs in the target location.…”