Positive symptomatology and source-monitoring failure in schizophrenia — an analysis of symptom-specific effects

Brébion, Gildas; Amador, Xavier; David, Anthony S.; Malaspina, Dolores; Sharif, Zafar; Gorman, Jack M.

doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(00)00174-8

Cited by 192 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In particular, Bentall argues that hallucinating subjects might have a specific bias towards attributing their thoughts to an external source (i.e., a difficulty in reality monitoring), or a so-called "externalising bias". A number of studies have provided evidence for an externalising bias in both clinical and non-clinical subjects (e.g., Baker & Morrison, 1998;Bentall, Baker, & Havers, 1991;Bentall & Slade, 1985a;Brébion et al, 2000;Ensum & Morrison, 2003;Johns & McGuire, 1999;Larøi, Van der Linden, & Marczewski, 2004a;Morrison & Haddock, 1997;Rankin & O'Carroll, 1995;Seal, Crowe, & Cheung, 1997). Furthermore, this stance is in accordance with the general supposition made by several cognitive theorists that hallucinations are inner events misattributed to an external source (e.g., Beck & Rector, 2003;Frith, 1992;Hoffman, 1986;Morrison, Haddock, & Tarrier, 1995).…”

Section: Theoretical Implicationssupporting

confidence: 60%

“…In addition, psychological processes have not been adequately examined, as studies typically involve experimental tasks that only include one internal source and one external source (e.g., Baker & Morrison, 1998;Bentall et al, 1991;Bentall & Slade, 1985a;Brébion et al, 2000;Ensum & Morrison, 2003;Johns & McGuire, 1999;Larøi et al, 2004a;Morrison & Haddock, 1997;Rankin & O'Carroll, 1995;Seal et al, 1997). The exclusive use of these types of source monitoring tasks posses certain methodological limits, which in turn have theoretical consequences.…”

Section: Theoretical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Phenomenological Diversity of Hallucinations: Some theoretical and clinical implications

Larøi

2006

PSYCHOL BELG

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Hallucinations are complex psychopathological phenomena. Nevertheless, this has not always been clear in the scientific literature, until recently. In the following paper, the phenomenology of hallucinations will be (briefly) described. Then, ways in which examining phenomenological characteristics of hallucinations may have theoretical and clinical implications, will be presented. Assessment tools that examine phenomenological aspects of hallucinations will also briefly be presented. In particular, it will be argued that previous theoretical accounts of hallucinations that exclusively propose an externalising bias have not integrated the full phenomenological diversity of hallucinations. In addition, it will be maintained that taking into account the phenomenological diversity of hallucinations has a number of clinical implications, such as providing the patient with important information, improving patient-clinician relations, helping individualise treatment, opening up new therapeutic avenues, and providing information concerning changes in the patient's mental and emotional condition.

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Section: Theoretical Implicationssupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Theoretical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Phenomenological Diversity of Hallucinations: Some theoretical and clinical implications

Larøi

2006

PSYCHOL BELG

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“…Unlike previous reports on source monitoring specifically recruiting individuals with increased hallucination proneness (Larøi et al 2004), or participants with schizophrenia still experiencing hallucinations (Brébion et al 2000 ;Franck et al 2000), the present study involved adolescents with heterogeneous expressions of schizotypal dimensions. As with schizophrenia, schizotypy is a construct that relates to a triad of symptom dimensions (Rossi & Daneluzzo, 2002) and, as such, can be fairly heterogeneous in terms of its expression in both clinical and non-clinical populations (Kendler et al 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Brébion et al (2000) present a task where the participant and the examiner generate items belonging to categories (e.g. FRUITS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source monitoring for actions in adolescents with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS)

et al. 2007

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BACKGROUND: Source monitoring consists in identifying the origin of mental events. Recent research suggests that confusions over internally generated mental events may represent a cognitive marker for increased proneness to psychotic symptoms and disorders. We have examined source monitoring for actions in adolescents with the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS), a neurogenetic disease associated with high rates of schizophrenia during adulthood, and expected to observe source monitoring deficits in comparison to IQ-matched and typically developing controls. METHOD: Eighteen adolescents with 22q11DS, 17 adolescents matched for age and IQ, and also 17 adolescents matched for age participated in this study. Our adapted action monitoring paradigm asked subjects to visualize a series of actions in three different conditions: (1) visualize themselves performing the action; (2) visualize the experimenter performing the action; or (3) simply repeat the action statements without visualization of the action performer. RESULTS: The adolescents with 22q11DS performed adequately in terms of recognition (hits), but in comparison to both control groups, they committed more source confusions on correctly recognized items. Further examination revealed that the adolescents were more likely to demonstrate confusions between exterior sources in which the self was not involved. CONCLUSIONS: Source monitoring deficits can be observed in adolescents with 22q11DS, a syndrome putting them at high risk for developing schizophrenia. These deficits are discussed in terms of early cognitive processes associated with genetic risk for schizophrenia

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“…1 Studies reveal that false memories are associated with a number of other psychological disorders. For example, false memories have been linked to dissociative symptoms (Clancy, Schacter, McNally, & Pitman, 2000;Winograd, Peluso, & Glover, 1998), symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (Bremner, Shobe, & Kihlstrom, 2000), and symptoms of schizophrenia (Brebion et al, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality Characteristics Associated with Susceptibility to False Memories

Frost¹,

Sparrow²,

Barry³

2006

The American Journal of Psychology

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This study examined whether certain personality characteristics are associated with susceptibility to false memories. Participants first answered questions from the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator in order to measure various personality characteristics. They then watched a video excerpt, the simulated eyewitness event. They were next encouraged to lie about the videotaped event during an interview. A week later, some participants recognized confabulated events as being from the video. Two personality characteristics in particular--the introversion-extroversion and thinking-feeling dimensions--were associated with susceptibility to false memories.

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Positive symptomatology and source-monitoring failure in schizophrenia — an analysis of symptom-specific effects

Cited by 192 publications

References 27 publications

The Phenomenological Diversity of Hallucinations: Some theoretical and clinical implications

The Phenomenological Diversity of Hallucinations: Some theoretical and clinical implications

Source monitoring for actions in adolescents with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS)

Personality Characteristics Associated with Susceptibility to False Memories

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