Positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance spectroscopy of cerebral glycolysis in children with congenital lactic acidosis

Duncan, David B.; Herholz, Karl; Kugel, Harald; Roth, Bernhard; Ruitenbeek, W.; Heindel, Walter; Wienhard, K.; Heiss, Wolf‐Dieter

doi:10.1002/ana.410370311

Cited by 33 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Coregistration of image data from the different modalities has indicated the value of such comparative studies in stroke [27], gliomas [28], and degenerative [29] and congenital or hereditary disorders [30]. However, coregistration was limited since it required multiple investigations in different laboratories.…”

Section: Real-time Imaging Of Complementary Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential of PET/MR for brain imaging

Heiss

2008

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

132

100

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Introduction The completion of an integrated PET/MR prototype system for brain imaging is the latest step in the evolution of positron emission tomography. Early images with this new imaging system demonstrate that highresolution multiparametric studies can be combined without significant loss of performance of either imaging modality. Objective This new technology will make fusion of morphological and biological information much easier, yield real-time assessment of complementary variables and will provide dynamic information for kinetic model- IntroductionSince the first prototypes [1, 2] and the first commercial system [3], positron emission tomography (PET) has developed to multiring systems permitting high resolution and three-dimensional imaging of various physiological, functional and molecular targets. The first applications of PET were in brain research, and despite the many other diagnostic indications, particularly in oncology and cardiology, brain imaging remains a stronghold of PET.Therefore, this discussion of perspectives of an integrated PET/MR system is focused on research applications in neuroscience to which the combination of PET and MRI may add further impetus. This perspective is in parts speculative and it does not include a discussion of the technical or methodological challenges of combined PET/ MR imaging. These aspects are reviewed elsewhere in the articles of this supplement to EJNMMI. Development of PET for brain imagingThe progress in image quality may be followed by metabolic images of glucose consumption in one volunteer acquired on several generation PET systems over the years. The first transaxial image (Fig. 1a) was acquired on a single hexagonal array, the ECAT PET, which covered only the cortical rim. Early PET images suffered from limited spatial resolution (approximately 15 mm), low sensitivity and insufficient attenuation and scatter correction [3,4]. PET image quality improved with the four-ring PC-384 (Scanditronix) [5], which yielded seven simultaneous, partly overlapping transaxial images and that provided a spatial resolution of 8.4 mm FWHM across 12-mm slices (Fig. 1b) [6] and limited axial reconstruction (Fig. 2). Further improvements came with the Eur

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Section: Real-time Imaging Of Complementary Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential of PET/MR for brain imaging

Heiss

2008

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

132

100

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“…One might predict a steady-state increase in anaerobic glycolysis (in astrocytes or also in neurons?) if such closed-loop adaptations are insufficient to normalise oxidative ATP synthesis; there have been case reports in mitochondrial encephalopathy of increased cerebral lactate by 1 H-MRS [120,121], and PET evidence of increased glycolysis [120,122] and decreased CMR O 2 [122]. However, in the mo(vbr) mouse, in which cytochrome oxidase and Complex I are decreased, there is no 31 P-MRS abnormality in vivo apart from raised pH (of unknown cause) [123], because the control properties of the respiratory chain alter so that flux is preserved [124] -in short, there is spare capacity.…”

Section: Chronic Impairment Of Mitochondrial Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Invasive Methods for Studying Brain Energy Metabolism: What They Show and What It Means

Kemp¹

2000

Dev Neurosci

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This review summarises the ways in which magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and related methods can be used as windows on brain energy metabolism in vivo. ³¹P-MRS can measure acute changes in non-oxidative ATP synthesis in transient states, and at steady state reflects the balance of ATP demand and mitochondrial function. ¹³C-MRS labelling methods can measure a variety of carbon fluxes. The few ³¹P- and ¹³C-MRS studies of the response to functional activation suggest quite large increases in oxidative metabolism. Functional magnetic resonance imaging measures the hyperoxygenation that results from increase in cerebral blood flow in excess of glucose oxidation, attenuated somewhat by a smaller increase in oxygen consumption. Previous positron emission tomography studies disagree on the size of activation response. These are powerful but demanding techniques, valuable in understanding both normal physiology and pathophysiology. However, discrepancies remain to be reconciled, and this will require increasing sophistication of both techniques and analytical models.

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“…When Bolter and Chefurka (35) added myxothiazol, a tight inhibitor of mitochondrial complex III, to mouse liver, they found that it mimicked reductive stress and significantly increased hydrogen peroxide production. It should be noted that inherited respiratory chain disorders were documented in humans (36).…”

Section: Other Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise and oxidative stress methodology: a critique

Jenkins

2000

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

110

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Historically, exercise physiologists' interest in oxygen has primarily centered on the problem of oxygen consumption. However, the interest of the general scientific community in oxygen-centered radicals has raised awareness of the oxygen paradox and has motivated investigators to question whether exercise-stimulated "overconsumption" of oxygen might induce an oxidative stress and pose some risk to biological systems. In recent years, a considerable amount of research has demonstrated that radicals are capable of damaging a vast array of biological targets. Unfortunately, the work related to oxidative stress and antioxidants subsequent to exercise has been narrow in scope. This paper provides a brief review of the shortcomings of the present state of knowledge in this discipline and outlines topics requiring attention.Am J Clin Nutr 2000;72(suppl): 670S-4S.

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Positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance spectroscopy of cerebral glycolysis in children with congenital lactic acidosis

Cited by 33 publications

References 25 publications

The potential of PET/MR for brain imaging

The potential of PET/MR for brain imaging

Non-Invasive Methods for Studying Brain Energy Metabolism: What They Show and What It Means

Exercise and oxidative stress methodology: a critique

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