Possible countergradient variation in growth of juvenile cod Gadus morhua from the northwest Atlantic

Wijekoon, Manjusri Pandula Atapattu; Puvanendran, Velmurugu; Ings, Danny W.; Brown, Joseph A.

doi:10.3354/meps07760

Cited by 4 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Nevertheless, reaction norms for survival suggest that the southernmost population experienced greater sensitivity to temperature changes, lower survival, and greater intrapopulation variation in survival. Greater temperature sensitivity of the southern-most population was evident at both the larval ) and juvenile (Wijekoon et al 2009) stages, though curiously the slopes of these reaction norms were opposite in direction. The different levels of genetic variability and contrasting reaction norm slopes observed in these studies may exemplify how reaction norms can differ between life stages.…”

Section: Population-level Differences In Reaction Normsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Phenotypic traits may be stage-specific (Stearns 1989) and plasticity for these traits may also vary throughout an individual's lifetime, as exemplified by the different results obtained by Hutchings et al (2007) and Wijekoon et al (2009) described earlier for Atlantic cod. Some traits may be expressed more strongly at certain life stages (e.g., growth potential may be greater in cod larvae than in juveniles; Wijekoon et al 2009), with higher trait values possibly revealing variation in trait plasticity not apparent in other life stages.…”

Section: Life Stagesmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The different levels of genetic variability and contrasting reaction norm slopes observed in these studies may exemplify how reaction norms can differ between life stages. Alternatively, high levels of error may be obscuring differences in the juvenile study (Wijekoon et al 2009), or a combination of both effects may have occurred.…”

Section: Population-level Differences In Reaction Normsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Some traits may be expressed more strongly at certain life stages (e.g., growth potential may be greater in cod larvae than in juveniles; Wijekoon et al 2009), with higher trait values possibly revealing variation in trait plasticity not apparent in other life stages. The "native" environment experienced by a population can vary in both time and space depending on the life stage.…”

Section: Life Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the relative contribution of epigenetic effects could not be discerned because of the use of wild (as opposed to laboratory-reared) individuals, there is a strong argument that barriers to dispersal are not necessary for adaptive divergence in plasticity to occur in this, and likely other, marine species. Wijekoon et al (2009) used cod obtained from the same egg batches as Hutchings et al (2007) to study countergradient variation at the juvenile stage. It is apparent that both the slopes and (15, 17, 19, 21, and 28°C Hutchings et al 2007).…”

Section: Population-level Differences In Reaction Normsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic variability in reaction norms in fishes

Oomen

Hutchings

2015

Environ. Rev.

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The ability of populations to adapt to environmental change and the spatial scale at which this adaptation occurs are fundamentally important issues in evolutionary biology, and ones that may benefit greatly from the study of genetic variability in reaction norms, which represent the plasticity of phenotypic traits across an environmental gradient. Therefore variable reaction norms can reflect genetic differences in the ability of individuals, families, populations, and species to respond to natural and anthropogenic environmental change. Fishes are ideal organisms in which to study plasticity because of their remarkable intraspecific morphological, physiological, behavioural, and life history variation. Here, we review studies demonstrating genetic variability in reaction norms in fishes. Genetic variability in plasticity among full-and half-sib families suggests potential for some populations to develop an adaptive norm of reaction (recalling that plasticity need not be adaptive). Reaction norm variability among populations suggests that adaptive genetic divergence can occur rapidly when selection pressures are strong and that the spatial scale of adaptation is much smaller than previously believed for some species with high dispersal capabilities. These studies demonstrate the potential of using reaction norms to study the evolution of novel phenotypes and the influence of temporal environmental variability and gene flow on the evolution of phenotypic plasticity, which can then be used to predict how populations will respond to directional environmental change. To promote future research into genetic variability in reaction norms, we propose questions that would benefit from such an approach and discuss some important considerations for designing experiments to investigate questions related to genetic variation in plasticity and phenotypic evolution.Résumé : La capacité d'adaptation au changement environnemental et l'échelle spatiale à laquelle cette adaptation survient, constituent des défis d'importance fondamentale en biologie évolutive, un sujet qui pourrait bénéficier grandement de l'étude de la variabilité des normes de réaction. Les normes de réaction représentent la plasticité des traits phénotypiques le long d'un gradient environnemental. Conséquemment, des normes de réaction variables peuvent refléter des différences génétiques dans la capacité des individus, des familles, des populations et des espèces à réagir au changement environnemental naturel et anthropogène. Les poissons constituent des organismes idéaux pour l'étude de la plasticité compte tenu de la variation intraspécifique remarquable de leur morphologie, de leur physiologie, de leur comportement et de leur cycle de vie. Les auteurs passent en revue les études démontrant la variabilité génétique des normes de réaction chez les poissons. La variabilité de la plasticité parmi les familles biparentales ou mono parentales suggère la capacité de certaines populations à développer une norme de réaction adaptative (en se rappelant que la plastic...

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Section: Population-level Differences In Reaction Normsmentioning

confidence: 86%