Possible Health Impacts of Advanced Vehicles Wireless Technologies

Judakova, Zuzana; Janousek, Ladislav

doi:10.1016/j.trpro.2019.07.194

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Modern vehicles (and EVs in particular) are equipped with more and more modern wireless communication technologies working as Internet of Things (IoT) systems, e.g., passive keyless entry (PKE), device-to-device (D2D), intra-vehicle (InV), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications or vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) [5,6]. For this purpose, several technologies, protocols and standards for wireless communication are used, such as: wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), mobile communication, long-term evolution (LTE), Bluetooth, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), wireless access in vehicular environments (WAVE), dedicated short-range communications (DSRC), radio frequency identification (RFID), near-field communication (NFC), ZigBee, etc.…”

Section: Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Electromagnetic Issues Associated with the Use of Electric Vehicles in Urban Transportation

Gryz

Karpowicz

Zradziński

2022

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The electromagnetic field (EMF) in electric vehicles (EVs) affects not only drivers, but also passengers (using EVs daily) and electronic devices inside. This article summarizes the measurement methods applicable in studies of complex EMF in EVs focused on the evaluation of characteristics of such exposure to EVs users and drivers, together with the results of investigations into the static magnetic field (SMF), the extremely low-frequency magnetic field (ELF) and radiofrequency (RF) EMF related to the use of the EVs in urban transportation. The investigated EMF components comply separately with limits provided by international labor law and guidelines regarding the evaluation of human short-term exposure; however other issues need attention—electromagnetic immunity of electronic devices and long-term human exposure. The strongest EMF was found in the vicinity of direct current (DC) charging installations—SMF up to 0.2 mT and ELF magnetic field up to 100 µT—and inside the EVs—up to 30 µT close to its internal electrical equipment. Exposure to RF EMF inside the EVs (up to a few V/m) was found and recognized to be emitted from outdoor radiocommunications systems, together with emissions from sources used inside vehicles, such as passenger mobile communication handsets and antennas of Wi-Fi routers.

show abstract

Section: Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Electromagnetic Issues Associated with the Use of Electric Vehicles in Urban Transportation

Gryz

Karpowicz

Zradziński

2022

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Step 6: CalculateĚ = (ě ij ) m×n by (33). • Computational complexity Let m and n be, respectively, the numbers of the inequalities and the variables in system (5).…”

Section: A Algorithm For Obtaining An Optimal Strong Solution Of (7)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Santini et al [31] investigated the relation between the symptoms of some diseases and electromagnetic radiation based on the people living in the vicinity of cellular base stations. References [32] and [33] studied damage to human organisms caused by electromagnetic radiation. In wireless communication networks, the characteristics of radio wave propagation were also investigated [34]- [36], which is important for studies on the localization of the base stations and the range setting of the electromagnetic radiation intensity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Strong Solution of the Minimax Problem With Two-Sided Fuzzy Relation Inequality Constraints

Qiu

Xiao

et al. 2019

IEEE Access

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To avoid unoccupied base stations, we introduce the concept of a strong solution to maxproduct fuzzy relation inequalities in this paper. Such a strong solution enables all base stations take part in wireless communication activities. The structure of the set of all strong solutions is discussed. The strong solution set is composed of a finite number of closed intervals. To decrease the damage caused by electromagnetic radiation, one always aims to find an optimal strong solution, in which each component reaches its minimum value. However, this is generally impossible. Hence, finding an optimal strong solution with a specific objective function is more feasible. In this work, we investigate the optimization, minimizing the largest component of a strong solution. A detailed algorithm is developed to find an optimal strong solution. The experimental results show that our proposed algorithm is efficient. In addition, we further discuss the structure of the complete optimal strong solution set.

show abstract

Health Impacts of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles

Sohrabi

2021

International Encyclopedia of Transportation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Possible Health Impacts of Advanced Vehicles Wireless Technologies

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Complex Electromagnetic Issues Associated with the Use of Electric Vehicles in Urban Transportation

Complex Electromagnetic Issues Associated with the Use of Electric Vehicles in Urban Transportation

Optimal Strong Solution of the Minimax Problem With Two-Sided Fuzzy Relation Inequality Constraints

Health Impacts of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About