Possible microbial utilization of sago processing wastes

Sabaratnam, Vikineswary; Shim, Y. L.; Thambirajah, J.J.; Blakebrough, N.

doi:10.1016/0921-3449(94)90096-5

Cited by 34 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In addition, inefficient starch extraction will contribute to large amounts of waste [3]. This quantity may be greater if the extraction efficiency is low as sugars, proteins [2], and starches can create high BOD and COD levels in the river [4]. Some researchers have used SW as a substrate for cultivation of edible mushrooms [5], animal feed, production of enzymes [6] and absorbents [7], to reduce this waste.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of K-N-Humates on Dry Matter Production and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Maize in Sarawak, Malaysia

Petrus

Ahmed

Muhamad

et al. 2010

The Scientific World JOURNAL

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Agricultural waste, such as sago waste (SW), is one of the sources of pollution to streams and rivers in Sarawak, particularly those situated near sago processing plants. In addition, unbalanced and excessive use of chemical fertilizers can cause soil and water pollution. Humic substances can be used as organic fertilizers, which reduce pollution. The objectives of this study were to produce K- and ammonium-based organic fertilizer from composted SW and to determine the efficiency of the organic-based fertilizer produced. Humic substances were isolated using standard procedures. Liquid fertilizers were formulated except for T2 (NPK fertilizer), which was in solid form. There were six treatments with three replications. Organic fertilizers were applied to soil in pots on the 10th day after sowing (DAS), but on the 28th DAS, only plants of T2 were fertilized. The plant samples were harvested on the 57th DAS during the tassel stage. The dry matter of plant parts (leaves, stems, and roots) were determined and analyzed for N, P, and K using standard procedures. Soil of every treatment was also analyzed for exchangeable K, Ca, Mg, and Na, organic matter, organic carbon, available P, pH, total N, P, nitrate and ammonium contents using standard procedures. Treatments with humin (T5 and T6) showed remarkable results on dry matter production; N, P, and K contents; their uptake; as well as their use efficiency by maize. The inclusion of humin might have loosened the soil and increased the soil porosity, hence the better growth of the plants. Humin plus inorganic fertilizer provided additional nutrients for the plants. The addition of inorganic fertilizer into compost is a combination of quick and slow release sources, which supplies N throughout the crop growth period. Common fertilization by surface application of T2 without any additives (acidic and high CEC materials) causes N and K to be easily lost. High Ca in the soil may have reacted with phosphate from fertilizer to form Ca phosphate, an insoluble compound of phosphate that is generally not available to plants, especially roots. Mixing soil with humin produced from composted SW before application of fertilizers (T5 and T6) significantly increased maize dry matter production and nutrient use efficiency. Additionally, this practice does not only improve N, P, and K use efficiency, but it also helps to reduce the use of N-, P-, and K-based fertilizers by 50%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of K-N-Humates on Dry Matter Production and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Maize in Sarawak, Malaysia

Petrus

Ahmed

Muhamad

et al. 2010

The Scientific World JOURNAL

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“…Finer grated sago was more desirable as it resulted with higher starch recovery during extraction process (Cecil, 1992). Based on sago starch price reported by Malaysia Department of Statistic (2005) and starch recovery reported by Vikineswary et al (1994), 10.30% of sago starch production in 2015 (DOA, 2015) at the weight of 55,302 metric tonnes which was equivalent to RM 49.3 million.…”

Section: Grated Sago Size Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on a study by Vikineswary et al (1994), 65.7% sago starch remained inside the grated trunk residue. Mostly, the trunk residue was widely dumped into the river.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of grater position on the size of grated sago (Metroxylon spp.)

Azman¹,

Shamsudin²,

Hamzah³

et al. 2018

Food Res.

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The natural arrangement of sago palm’s fiber orientation is parallel to the vertical axis of the trunk. Extraction of the sago starch requires breaking of the trunk into fine sizes. The sago size is affected by the grater position which affects the of starch recovery. This study was conducted to evaluate grating efficiency through sago size produced at the different direction of grating (0° and 90° to roller teeth rotation). Sago palm trunks without outer layer were cut into square blocks of 100 mm3 . Each trunk block was placed on roller grater platform at a different position where the cutting spike was parallel to the vertical axis of sago trunk fiber orientation (grating at 0° direction) and perpendicular (grating at 90° direction). 100 g of dry grated sago was sifted to determine the size distribution with different sieve sizes i.e. 2.80 mm, 2.00 mm, 1.00 mm, 0.85 mm and 0.425 mm. A total weight of 1 kg of grated sago was mixed with water and squeezed to be extracted. The starch recovery produced by the grating process at 0° directionswas 10.30% higher than 900 directions. The present study showed that the direction of grating at 0° was able to produce finer grated sago with maximum starch recovery.

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“…Indonesia exports between 200000 and 260000 tons of sago flour annually but the residues from its production tend to be discharged to the rivers. These residues, which are largely composed of celluloses and lignin [14], are both a waste and a pollutant. Their chemical composition suggests that they possess some potential as electrochemical materials, because of their porous structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sago Waste Based Activated Carbon Film as an Electrode Material for Electric Double Layer Capacitor

Aripin¹,

Lestari²,

Ismail³

et al. 2010

TOMSJ

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In this feasibility study a novel prospective electrode material for electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) has been investigated. This promising material is activated carbon (AC) film produced using sago waste as a precursor. Important parameters of the technological process are the KOH to charcoal ratio and the content of the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) binder. The influence of these parameters on the microtexture and pore structure and on the electrochemical characteristics of the AC films has been studied in detail. The measured specific surface area (SSA) of the samples is in the range from 212 to 1498 m2/g. It has been found that the presence of micropores increases the specific capacity while the presence of the mesopores acts in the opposite direction, because these mesopores are too wide in diameter for aqueous electrolyte. The specific capacitance of the studied samples has been found to be in the range from 16 to 64 F/g.

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Possible microbial utilization of sago processing wastes

Cited by 34 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of K-N-Humates on Dry Matter Production and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Maize in Sarawak, Malaysia

Effect of K-N-Humates on Dry Matter Production and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Maize in Sarawak, Malaysia

Effect of grater position on the size of grated sago (Metroxylon spp.)

Sago Waste Based Activated Carbon Film as an Electrode Material for Electric Double Layer Capacitor

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