Possible Physiological Mechanisms of Premature Fruit Drop in Mango (Mangifera Indica L.) in Northern Vietnam

Roemer, M.G.; Hegele, M.; Wünsche, J.; Huong, Pham Thi

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2011.903.140

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 155 publications

(279 reference statements)

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“…Litchi has been the focus of a number of case studies aimed at testing improved management tools such as water saving irrigation methods (Spreer et al 2007;Pinmanee et al 2011), biological pest control (Schulte et al 2007), vegetation studies (Euler et al 2006), plant hormonal processes (Hegele et al 2010), fruit drying Janjai et al 2011) and post-harvest methods (Reichel et al in press). Other case study crops have included longan and mango, with the research on longan focusing on the identification of those plant hormones that induce flowering (e.g., Bangerth et al 2010;Tiyayon et al 2011), and the research on mango focusing on irrigation methods in Thailand (e.g., Spreer et al 2009) and fruit set in Vietnam (Römer et al 2011).…”

Section: Innovation Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Challenges to Sustainable Solutions for Upland Agriculture in Southeast Asia

Schreinemachers

Fröhlich

Clemens

et al. 2012

Sustainable Land Use and Rural Development in Southeast Asia: Innovations and Policies for Mountainous Areas

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Section: Innovation Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Challenges to Sustainable Solutions for Upland Agriculture in Southeast Asia

Schreinemachers

Fröhlich

Clemens

et al. 2012

Sustainable Land Use and Rural Development in Southeast Asia: Innovations and Policies for Mountainous Areas

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“…Consequently, coldadapted mango cultivars are better suited for cultivation in the subtropical climate of northern Vietnam, where ambient temperatures below 15°C with ''zero growth'' in mango (Whiley et al, 1988) occur frequently. However, there was no correlation between FD(x) and high/low ambient temperatures and/or low relative humidity as was proposed as a cause for premature fruit drop in tree crops (Roemer et al, 2011;Yuan and Huang, 1988;Zucconi et al, 1978).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…During the following preharvest drop stage (Fig. 1), the number of fruit per panicle changes little, likely because the carbohydrate demand by the fruit is matched by its supply and fewer environmental stresses occurring at that time of the growing season (Roemer et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Galán Saúco (1997) suggested that the water requirement of mango is %100 mm monthly during the fruit development period to ensure good productivity. However, this level is typically lower during early fruit development in the Province of So'n La (Roemer et al, 2011) with water deficiency particularly prevalent from bloom to midseason drop as a result of the lack of precipitation or irrigation sources. Alternatively, applications of PGRs are commonly used for enhancing fruit retention in many perennial fruit crops, including mango.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A New Approach for Analyzing and Interpreting Data on Fruit Drop in Mango

Hagemann

Roemer

Kofler

et al. 2014

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Mango yields are frequently reduced by premature fruit drop, induced by plant stresses during the fruit set period in response to unsuitable climatic or crop management conditions. There are varying strategies for assessing premature fruit drop, which render the comparison and interpretation of published data difficult to draw general conclusions. Therefore, the objective was to provide a mathematical model that is generally valid for describing fruit losses of mango. The model was tested and validated by monitoring the fruit drop for the two local North Vietnamese cultivars, Hôi and Tròn, in different management systems over six consecutive growing seasons: 1) mango–maize intercropping and mango monocropping; 2) irrigation; and 3) plant growth regulator applications with 10 ppm N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N′-phenylurea (CPPU), 40 ppm 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and 40 ppm gibberellins (GA3 and GA4+7). The timely pattern of fruit drop was best described with a sigmoid function (r2 = 0.85) and formed the basis for defining three distinct drop stages. The post-bloom drop, from full bloom to the maximum daily rate of fruit drop [FD(x)], had the highest fruit losses. The following midseason drop stage ends at 1% FD(x), a threshold that is suggested after a comprehensive literature review. Thereafter, during the preharvest drop stage, treatment and cultivar differences appear to remain constant despite continued fruit drop. In contrast to other mango intercropping studies, fruit loss was not greater in the mango–maize intercropping than in the mango monocropping. Irrigation resulted in approximately three times higher fruit retention compared with the non-irrigated control. A single application of NAA at marble fruit stage (BBCH-scale 701) resulted consistently in the highest fruit retention for both cultivars in midseason and at harvest. The model permits the separation between the drop stages, thus allowing the evaluation of 1) natural variation before treatment effects during post-bloom drop; 2) treatment efficacies during midseason drop; and 3) yield forecasting at the beginning of the preharvest stage.

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“…Numerous stressors, like water stress, high and low light, high or chilling temperatures, and high sink organ domination, result in carbohydrate starvation. Abscission of premature fruit, leaves, flowers, and flower buds is related to low sugar content [13,[15][16][17][141][142][143][144][145][146]. Auxin application can inhibit some stressinduced organ abscission [15,[146][147][148], suggesting that the shortage of carbohydrate is correlated with auxin depletion.…”

Section: Carbohydrate Starvationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of auxin depletion in abscission control

2015

Stewart Postharvest Review

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Purpose of review:Abscission is a programmed developmental process initiated by auxin depletion. This review summarizes the mechanisms leading to auxin depletion in the abscission zone (AZ), evaluates the methods for estimation of the spatio-temporal auxin levels, demonstrates how auxin depletion occurs during natural, stressinduced, and artificially-induced organ abscission, and presents new evidence for early and late events resulting from auxin depletion which lead to organ abscission. Findings: Auxin depletion occurs during natural developmental processes which end in organ abscission (leaf and flower senescence, fruit ripening, and self-pruning) and stress-induced abscission, and following artificial organ removal in the tomato model system. Stress-induced auxin depletion is mediated by increased ethylene and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and carbohydrate starvation. Similar changes in auxin-related genes occurred in both flower AZ (FAZ) and leaf AZ (LAZ) following flower or leaf removal, respectively, suggesting a similar regulation of the abscission process of these organs. Auxin depletion resulted from decreased indole-3acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis and transport, as well as from enhanced IAA transport autoinhibition (ATA), conjugation and oxidative IAA catabolism. Functional analyses of several target genes delaying abscission, such as Knotted-Like Homeobox Protein1 (KD1), Tomato Proline Rich Protein (TPRP), Ethylene Responsive Factor52 (ERF52), and Ribonuclease LX (LX), shed light on various events operating in response to auxin depletion in tomato FAZ and/or LAZ. The information gained allows a better understanding of the abscission process driven by auxin depletion, and might lead to development of improved methods for abscission control in horticultural crops. Direction for future research: A better understanding of abscission regulation as it pertains to auxin depletion will require advanced molecular tools such as microarrays, new generation sequencing (NGS), transcriptomic, functional, and proteomic analyses of target genes and proteins found to operate in the abscission process.

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Possible Physiological Mechanisms of Premature Fruit Drop in Mango (Mangifera Indica L.) in Northern Vietnam

Cited by 15 publications

References 155 publications

From Challenges to Sustainable Solutions for Upland Agriculture in Southeast Asia

From Challenges to Sustainable Solutions for Upland Agriculture in Southeast Asia

A New Approach for Analyzing and Interpreting Data on Fruit Drop in Mango

Role of auxin depletion in abscission control

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