Post-kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis and Uveitis in an HIV-positive Patient

Ramos, Antonio; Cruz, Israel; Múñez, Elena; Salas, Clara; Fernández, Alexis; Alvarez-Espejo, T.

doi:10.1007/s15010-007-6279-5

Cited by 16 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In some cases, the detection of Leishmania in cutaneous lesions led to the diagnosis of VL; however, the presence of the parasite in skin diseases in which it has no known etiological role may represent passive presence due to widespread dissemination in patients with compromised immune systems [37], [44]. Atypical disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis (with diffuse, nonulcerated, maculopapular lesions) following visceral disease and post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) caused by L. infantum (an infrequent association) has also been described in HIV patients [45], [46]. Posterior uveitis has been reported in association with PKDL in a VL/HIV-coinfected patient on monthly liposomal amphotericin B prophylactic therapy [46].…”

Section: Clinical Manifestations Of Visceral Leishmaniasis In Hiv-coimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Atypical disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis (with diffuse, nonulcerated, maculopapular lesions) following visceral disease and post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) caused by L. infantum (an infrequent association) has also been described in HIV patients [45], [46]. Posterior uveitis has been reported in association with PKDL in a VL/HIV-coinfected patient on monthly liposomal amphotericin B prophylactic therapy [46].…”

Section: Clinical Manifestations Of Visceral Leishmaniasis In Hiv-coimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visceral Leishmaniasis and HIV Coinfection in the Mediterranean Region

Monge‐Maíllo

Norman²,

Cruz³

et al. 2014

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

109

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Visceral leishmaniasis is hypoendemic in Mediterranean countries, where it is caused by the flagellate protozoan Leishmania infantum. VL cases in this area account for 5%–6% of the global burden. Cases of Leishmania/HIV coinfection have been reported in the Mediterranean region, mainly in France, Italy, Portugal, and Spain. Since highly active antiretroviral therapy was introduced in 1997, a marked decrease in the number of coinfected cases in this region has been reported. The development of new diagnostic methods to accurately identify level of parasitemia and the risk of relapse is one of the main challenges in improving the treatment of coinfected patients. Clinical trials in the Mediterranean region are needed to determine the most adequate therapeutic options for Leishmania/HIV patients as well as the indications and regimes for secondary prophylaxis. This article reviews the epidemiological, diagnostic, clinical, and therapeutic aspects of Leishmania/HIV coinfection in the Mediterranean region.

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Section: Clinical Manifestations Of Visceral Leishmaniasis In Hiv-coimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Manifestations Of Visceral Leishmaniasis In Hiv-coimentioning

confidence: 99%

Visceral Leishmaniasis and HIV Coinfection in the Mediterranean Region

Monge‐Maíllo

Norman²,

Cruz³

et al. 2014

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…4,5 The anterior uveitis caused by Leishmania is granulomatous in nature 4,5 and, despite intensive systemic treatment, there is a high degree of ocular morbidity with many cases resulting in blindness. 6 A review of the literature identified only two reports of Leishmania-related corneal disease, dating from 1942 and 1979. 7,8 The corneal manifestations were described very accurately, making direct comparison with this case possible.…”

Section: Keratouveitis Systemic Leishmaniasis and Hiv 249mentioning

confidence: 99%

Slowly Progressive Keratouveitis in a Patient with Known Systemic Leishmaniasis and HIV

Cnops

Esbroeck

et al. 2014

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation

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“…Only a handful of clear-cut case reports of (ART-associated) VL-IRIS have been reported at the global level [53]–[58]. Whether the overall dampening effect of the Leishmania parasite on the immune system could relate to this requires further study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visceral Leishmaniasis and HIV Coinfection in East Africa

et al. 2014

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Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is an important protozoan opportunistic disease in HIV patients in endemic areas. East Africa is second to the Indian subcontinent in the global VL caseload and first in VL-HIV coinfection rate. Because of the alteration in the disease course, the diagnostic challenges, and the poor treatment responses, VL with HIV coinfection has become a very serious challenge in East Africa today. Field experience with the use of liposomal amphotericin B in combination with miltefosine, followed by secondary prophylaxis and antiretroviral drugs, looks promising. However, this needs to be confirmed through clinical trials. Better diagnostic and follow-up methods for relapse and prediction of relapse should also be looked for. Basic research to understand the immunological interaction of the two infections may ultimately help to improve the management of the coinfection.

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Post-kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis and Uveitis in an HIV-positive Patient

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Visceral Leishmaniasis and HIV Coinfection in the Mediterranean Region

Visceral Leishmaniasis and HIV Coinfection in the Mediterranean Region

Slowly Progressive Keratouveitis in a Patient with Known Systemic Leishmaniasis and HIV

Visceral Leishmaniasis and HIV Coinfection in East Africa

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