Post-meiotic DNA double-strand breaks are conserved in fission yeast

Cavé, Tiphanie; Grégoire, Marie-Chantal; Brazeau, Marc-André; Boissonneault, Guylain

doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2018.02.012

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Indirect evidence of a DSB repair response based on γH2AX expression must however be taken with caution, as the latter has also been associated with chromatin alteration [15]. Direct methods were also used by our group to show that transient post-meiotic DSBs also form in the fission yeast, lending strong support to the highly conserved nature of this mechanism [16]. Despite their transient character, the formation of DSBs in the haploid context of spermatids represents a genetic threat, because repair must rely solely on end joining processes, as outlined below [17,18].…”

Section: Dna Double-strand Breaks (Dsbs) Are Intrinsic To the Diffmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Synchronous meiosis can therefore be induced in a timely and predictable fashion by shifting nitrogen-starved cultures from permissive (25 °C) to restrictive (34 °C) temperatures [81]. One striking observation is that synchronized S. pombe displayed a similar post-meiotic surge in DSBs in the absence of apoptosis, when meiosis is induced in the pat1-114 mutant, or even in the wild-type FY435 / FY436 strain (azygotic meiosis) [16], suggesting that sporulation, much like spermiogenesis, may display a window of genetic instability. Our conclusion is that transient post-meiotic DSBs may be intrinsic to the gamete differentiation program throughout the eukaryotic domain.…”

Section: Dsbs In Lower Eukaryotesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Instability and Chromatin Remodeling in Spermatids

Cavé

Desmarais

Lacombe-Burgoyne

et al. 2019

Genes

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The near complete replacement of somatic chromatin in spermatids is, perhaps, the most striking nuclear event known to the eukaryotic domain. The process is far from being fully understood, but research has nevertheless unraveled its complexity as an expression of histone variants and post-translational modifications that must be finely orchestrated to promote the DNA topological change and compaction provided by the deposition of protamines. That this major transition may not be genetically inert came from early observations that transient DNA strand breaks were detected in situ at chromatin remodeling steps. The potential for genetic instability was later emphasized by our demonstration that a significant number of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are formed and then repaired in the haploid context of spermatids. The detection of DNA breaks by 3′OH end labeling in the whole population of spermatids suggests that a reversible enzymatic process is involved, which differs from canonical apoptosis. We have set the stage for a better characterization of the genetic impact of this transition by showing that post-meiotic DNA fragmentation is conserved from human to yeast, and by providing tools for the initial mapping of the genome-wide DSB distribution in the mouse model. Hence, the molecular mechanism of post-meiotic DSB formation and repair in spermatids may prove to be a significant component of the well-known male mutation bias. Based on our recent observations and a survey of the literature, we propose that the chromatin remodeling in spermatids offers a proper context for the induction of de novo polymorphism and structural variations that can be transmitted to the next generation.

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Section: Dna Double-strand Breaks (Dsbs) Are Intrinsic To the Diffmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dsbs In Lower Eukaryotesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Instability and Chromatin Remodeling in Spermatids

Cavé

Desmarais

Lacombe-Burgoyne

et al. 2019

Genes

Self Cite

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“…Importantly, the high degree of chromatin compaction in mature sperm involves a genome-wide wave of DSB formation, most likely as a result of topoisomerase activity to relieve DNA helix torsion. These post-meiotic DSBs have recently been shown to occur in discrete hotspots in mouse, yeast and Tetrahymena, and may be enzymatically induced (Akematsu et al, 2017;Cavé et al, 2018;Grégoire et al, 2018).…”

Section: Post-meiotic Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Meiosis and beyond – understanding the mechanistic and evolutionary processes shaping the germline genome

et al. 2021

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The separation of germ cell populations from the soma is part of the evolutionary transition to multicellularity. Only genetic information present in the germ cells will be inherited by future generations, and any molecular processes affecting the germline genome are therefore likely to be passed on. Despite its prevalence across taxonomic kingdoms, we are only starting to understand details of the underlying micro-evolutionary processes occurring at the germline genome level. These include segregation, recombination, mutation and selection and can occur at any stage during germline differentiation and mitotic germline proliferation to meiosis and post-meiotic gamete maturation. Selection acting on germ cells at any stage from the diploid germ cell to the haploid gametes may cause significant deviations from Mendelian inheritance and may be more widespread than previously assumed. The mechanisms that affect and potentially alter the genomic sequence and allele frequencies in the germline are pivotal to our understanding of heritability. With the rise of new sequencing technologies, we are now able to address some of these unanswered questions. In this review, we comment on the most recent developments in this field and identify current gaps in our knowledge.

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Post-meiotic DNA double-strand breaks are conserved in fission yeast

Cited by 2 publications

References 30 publications

Genetic Instability and Chromatin Remodeling in Spermatids

Genetic Instability and Chromatin Remodeling in Spermatids

Meiosis and beyond – understanding the mechanistic and evolutionary processes shaping the germline genome

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